{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T13:14:45Z","timestamp":1789996485222,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,1]],"date-time":"2017-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1496275200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,1]],"date-time":"2017-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1496275200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001202","name":"Gastroenterological Society of Australia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001202","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["UEG Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patients with Crohn\u2019s disease (CD) frequently complain of cognitive difficulties such as problems with concentration and clouding of thought, yet this has scarcely been objectively defined and underlying mechanisms remain unknown.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>The objective of this article is to objectively measure cognitive impairments in patients with CD compared with healthy controls, and if present, to identify potentially modifiable, contributing factors associated with cognitive impairment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>CD patients and healthy age\u2010\/sex\u2010matched controls completed surveys encompassing clinical, demographic, psychiatric, fatigue and sleep parameters. Contemporaneously, disease activity assessment with serum CRP, faecal calprotectin, Harvey\u2013Bradshaw Index and the Subtle Cognitive Impairment test (SCIT) were performed, with the primary measure of response time (SCIT\u2010RT) compared between groups. Multiple linear regression assessed for factors associated with slower SCIT\u2010RT, denoting subtle cognitive impairment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 49 CD and 31 control individuals participated, with median age 44 years (range 22\u201365) and 43 years (21\u201363), respectively. Compared to controls, SCIT\u2010RT was slower across all timepoints in CD patients (ANOVA <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). In multivariate analysis, serum CRP (standardised beta coefficient 0.27, 95% CI (0.02, 0.51)), abdominal pain (0.43 (0.16, 0.70)), plasma haemoglobin (1.55 (1.42, 1.68)), and concurrent fatigue (0.56 (0.25, 0.88)) were each independently associated with slower SCIT\u2010RT in CD (each <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> \u2009&lt;\u20090.05), with a trend for poorer sleep quality 0.54 (\u22120.03, 1.11) (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> \u2009=\u20090.06), yet conversely, higher faecal calprotectin titres were associated with faster SCIT\u2010RT (\u22121.77 (\u22121.79, \u22121.76), <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> \u2009&lt;\u20090.01).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patients with CD demonstrated subtle cognitive impairment utilising the objective SCIT, correlating with systemic inflammation and other disease burden measures, although higher faecal calprotectin titres were unexpectedly associated with less cognitive impairment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/2050640616663397","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,9]],"date-time":"2016-08-09T01:23:31Z","timestamp":1470705811000},"page":"579-587","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":53,"title":["Cognitive impairment in Crohn\u2019s disease is associated with systemic inflammation, symptom burden and sleep disturbance"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Daniel R","family":"van Langenberg","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Eastern Health Clinical School Monash University &amp; Department of Gastroenterology &amp; Hepatology Eastern Health Box Hill Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Greg W","family":"Yelland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Central Clinical School Monash University &amp; Department of Gastroenterology Alfred Health Melbourne Victoria Australia"},{"name":"School of Health Sciences RMIT University Bundoora Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen R","family":"Robinson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health Sciences RMIT University Bundoora Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter R","family":"Gibson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Eastern Health Clinical School Monash University &amp; Department of Gastroenterology &amp; Hepatology Eastern Health Box Hill Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Central Clinical School Monash University &amp; Department of Gastroenterology Alfred Health Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2009.04.032"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2005.064261"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_2","first-page":"8764","article-title":"Neurological disorders and inflammatory bowel diseases","volume":"20","author":"Casella G","year":"2014","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13548501003759155"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2010.04347.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_2","first-page":"231","article-title":"Assessment of subtle cognitive impairment in stroke\u2010free patients with carotid disease","volume":"48","author":"Martini\u0107\u2010Popovi\u0107 I","year":"2009","journal-title":"Acta Clin Croat"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-842X.2005.tb00229.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/oem.60.suppl_1.i88"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_2","article-title":"Assessment of cognitive impairment. 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