{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T04:54:19Z","timestamp":1777956859445,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":109,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,15]],"date-time":"2024-10-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1728950400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Big Data &amp; Society"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Large language models (LLMs) and dialogue agents represent a significant shift in artificial intelligence (AI) research, particularly with the recent release of the GPT family of models. ChatGPT's generative capabilities and versatility across technical and creative domains led to its widespread adoption, marking a departure from more limited deployments of previous AI systems. While society grapples with the emerging cultural impacts of this new societal-scale technology, critiques of ChatGPT's impact within machine learning research communities have coalesced around its performance or other conventional safety evaluations relating to bias, toxicity, and \u201challucination.\u201d We argue that these critiques draw heavily on a particular conceptualization of the \u201chuman-centered\u201d framework, which tends to cast atomized individuals as the key recipients of technology's benefits and detriments. In this article, we direct attention to another dimension of LLMs and dialogue agents\u2019 impact: their effects on social groups, institutions, and accompanying norms and practices. By analyzing ChatGPT's social impact through a social-centered framework, we challenge individualistic approaches in AI development and contribute to ongoing debates around the ethical and responsible deployment of AI systems. We hope this effort will call attention to more comprehensive and longitudinal evaluation tools (e.g., including more ethnographic analyses and participatory approaches) and compel technologists to complement human-centered thinking with social-centered approaches.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/20539517241290220","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,15]],"date-time":"2024-10-15T07:41:44Z","timestamp":1728978104000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["From human-centered to social-centered artificial intelligence: Assessing ChatGPT's impact through disruptive events"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0639-945X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Skyler","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sociology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1834-279X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ned","family":"Cooper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Cybernetics, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1004-5934","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Margaret","family":"Eby","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sociology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-20539517241290220","volume-title":"The System of Professions: An Essay on the Division of Expert Labor","author":"Abbott A","year":"2014"},{"key":"bibr2-20539517241290220","first-page":"1","volume-title":"In: 2022 Ninth International Conference on Social Networks Analysis, Management and Security (SNAMS)","author":"Abdullah M","year":"2022"},{"key":"bibr3-20539517241290220","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/soc4.12972"},{"key":"bibr4-20539517241290220","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3531146.3533780"},{"key":"bibr5-20539517241290220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ayd\u0131n \u00d6, Karaarslan E (2022) OpenAI ChatGPT Generated Literature Review: Digital Twin in Healthcare. SSRN Electronic Journal, Available at: https:\/\/papers.ssrn.com\/sol3\/papers.cfm?abstract_id=4308687.","DOI":"10.2139\/ssrn.4308687"},{"key":"bibr6-20539517241290220","unstructured":"Bai Y, Kadavath S, Kundu S, et al. (2022) Constitutional AI: Harmlessness from AI Feedback.\n                      arXiv [cs.CL]\n                      . Available at: http:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/2212.08073."},{"key":"bibr7-20539517241290220","author":"Bonyhady N","year":"2023","journal-title":"The Sydney Morning Herald"},{"key":"bibr8-20539517241290220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Borji A (2023) A Categorical Archive of ChatGPT Failures.\n                      arXiv [cs.CL]\n                      . 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Available at: https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2023\/03\/12\/opinion\/chatbots-artificial-intelligence-future-weirdness.html."},{"key":"bibr52-20539517241290220","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3442188.3445938"},{"key":"bibr53-20539517241290220","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fdata.2020.577974"},{"key":"bibr54-20539517241290220","unstructured":"Lamoutte C (2022) Responsible AI begins with human-centered design. AI for Good Foundation, 26 May. Available at: https:\/\/ai4good.org\/blog\/responsible-ai\/."},{"key":"bibr55-20539517241290220","unstructured":"Landay J (2023) \u2018AI For Good\u2019 Isn\u2019t Good Enough: A Call for Human-Centered AI. Stanford University, 31 January. Available at: https:\/\/symsys.stanford.edu\/events\/ssp-forum-james-landay-human-centered-ai."},{"key":"bibr56-20539517241290220","unstructured":"Lemos R (2023) Employees are feeding sensitive biz data to ChatGPT, raising security fears. Dark Reading, 8 March. Available at: https:\/\/www.darkreading.com\/risk\/employees-feeding-sensitive-business-data-chatgpt-raising-security-fears."},{"key":"bibr57-20539517241290220","unstructured":"Liang P, Bommasani R, Lee T, et al. (2022) Holistic Evaluation of Language Models.\n                      arXiv [cs.CL]\n                      . Available at: http:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/2211.09110."},{"key":"bibr58-20539517241290220","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patter.2023.100779"},{"key":"bibr59-20539517241290220","unstructured":"Linebaugh K (2024) Artificial: Episode 3, ChatGPT. The Journal [Podcast]. The Wall Street Journal, 7 January. Available at: https:\/\/www.wsj.com\/podcasts\/the-journal\/artificial-episode-3-chatgpt\/835fdc63\u201375ff-4ef1-b18c-f40537807cfe."},{"key":"bibr60-20539517241290220","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3514094.3534155"},{"key":"bibr61-20539517241290220","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/d41586-023-01521-z"},{"key":"bibr62-20539517241290220","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4135\/9781412984867"},{"key":"bibr63-20539517241290220","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/acprof:oso\/9780199204922.001.0001"},{"key":"bibr64-20539517241290220","volume-title":"To Save Everything, Click Here: Technology, Solutionism, and the Urge to Fix Problems That Don\u2019t Exist","author":"Morozov E","year":"2013"},{"key":"bibr65-20539517241290220","unstructured":"Newman M (2023) ChatGPT Poised to Expose Corporate Secrets, Cyber Firm Warns. Bloomberg News, 18 April. 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