{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,16]],"date-time":"2026-05-16T09:14:21Z","timestamp":1778922861369,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,7]],"date-time":"2025-05-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746576000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,7]],"date-time":"2025-05-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746576000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Big Data &amp; Society"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Previous research has shown that internet users believe that electronic devices are listening to their offline conversations (i.e., e-eavesdropping) for commercial purposes. Such beliefs are important to study because they could shape media effects and human behavior (e.g., limiting free speech around devices). We conducted a preregistered cross-sectional survey in the United States, Netherlands, and Poland (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">N<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u2009886) to examine internet users\u2019 surveillance beliefs and evaluate the factors related to such beliefs. The results showed that respondents had different surveillance beliefs, including e-eavesdropping, priming, coincidence, and digital traces. US respondents were most likely to believe in e-eavesdropping. A higher frequency of conversation-related advertising and shorter time perception were associated with e-eavesdropping beliefs. Moreover, in all three countries, we found a positive relation between conspiracy mentality and e-eavesdropping belief. The findings indicate the importance of contextual and individual factors and could help further understand privacy boundaries and enhance the ethical responsibility of Big Data collection strategies.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/20539517251337102","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,7]],"date-time":"2025-05-07T03:38:03Z","timestamp":1746589083000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["\u201cMy phone must be listening!\u201d: Peoples\u2019 surveillance beliefs around devices \u201clistening\u201d to offline conversations in the US, the Netherlands, and Poland"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2424-5737","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Claire M","family":"Segijn","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hubbard School of Journalism and Mass Communication, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, MN, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7739-3349","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joanna","family":"Strycharz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Amsterdam"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2963-7462","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna","family":"Turner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Polish Academy of Sciences"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7509-8311","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Suzanna J","family":"Opree","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Erasmus School of History, Culture and Communication ESHCC, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_5_2_1","unstructured":"Amnesty International (2022). Poland: Use of Pegasus spyware to hack politicians\u2019 highlights threat to civil society. 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