{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T22:47:59Z","timestamp":1777934879319,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":147,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,6]],"date-time":"2025-05-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746489600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,6]],"date-time":"2025-05-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746489600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000155","name":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000155","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Big Data &amp; Society"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Researchers, practitioners, and policymakers with an interest in the ethics of artificial intelligence (AI) need more integrative approaches for studying and intervening in AI systems across many contexts and scales of activity. This paper presents\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">AI value chains<\/jats:italic>\n                    as an integrative concept that satisfies that need. To more clearly theorize AI value chains and conceptually distinguish them from supply chains, we review theories of value chains and AI value chains from strategic management, service science, economic geography, industry, government, and applied research literature. We then conduct an integrative review of a sample of 67 sources that cover the ethical concerns implicated in AI value chains. Building upon the findings of our integrative review, we recommend three future directions that researchers, practitioners, and policymakers can take to advance more ethical practices across AI value chains. We urge AI ethics researchers and practitioners to move toward value chain perspectives that situate actors in context, account for the many types of resources involved in cocreating AI systems, and integrate a wider range of ethical concerns across contexts and scales.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/20539517251340603","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,7]],"date-time":"2025-05-07T02:40:21Z","timestamp":1746585621000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["The ethics of AI value chains"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8433-2317","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Blair","family":"Attard-Frost","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Toronto"}]},{"given":"David Gray","family":"Widder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Digital Life Initiative, Cornell Tech, Cornell University, New York City, NY, USA"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_1","unstructured":"ACLU (2023 June 7) The fight to stop face recognition technology. 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