{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T13:40:51Z","timestamp":1753882851087,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,1]],"date-time":"2017-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1483228800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JRSM Open"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p> We investigated popliteal venous haemodynamics of the VenaJet Jet Impulse Technology system within a below-knee fibreglass cast. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design<\/jats:title><jats:p> Randomized controlled trial. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title><jats:p> Twenty-four healthy participants aged 18\u201354 had both feet placed within the Jet Impulse Technology system and were randomised for one or other leg to be within a below-knee fibreglass cast. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title><jats:p> Pacific Radiology, Lower Hutt, Wellington <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Main outcome measures<\/jats:title><jats:p> The primary outcome variable was peak systolic velocity (cm\/s) compared between legs with and without the cast at 60\u2009min (after 10\u2009min Jet Impulse Technology activation), using a mixed linear model and a non-inferiority bound of 4.8\u2009cm\/s. Secondary outcome variables were the difference in peak systolic velocity between the casted limb and the non-casted limb at baseline and 40\u2009min after casting, and the difference in mean flow velocity (cm\/s), vein diameter (mm), and total volume flow (L\/min) between the casted limb and the non-casted limb at baseline, 40 and 60\u2009min. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p> The mean (standard deviation) peak systolic velocity was 4.6(1.5), 4.8(1.1), 28.8(16.1), and 4.3(1.2), 4.8(1.4) and 29.3(19.0) cm\/s at baseline, 40 and 60\u2009min in the casted and non-casted leg, respectively. The difference (95% confidence interval) between cast and no-cast at 60\u2009min was \u22120.8 (\u22126.5 to 4.9) cm\/s, P\u2009=\u20090.78. The peak systolic velocity, flow velocity and total volume flow at 40\u2009min were not statistically significantly different from baseline for both casted and non-casted limb. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p> In healthy volunteers, the popliteal venous haemodynamics of the Jet Impulse Technology system was similar between the legs with and without a below-knee fibreglass cast. In-cast Jet Impulse Technology may provide a non-pharmacological option for venous thromboembolism prophylaxis for lower-limb cast-immobility. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/2054270416681746","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,1]],"date-time":"2017-02-01T10:12:03Z","timestamp":1485943923000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Venous haemodynamics of Jet Impulse Technology within a lower limb fibreglass cast: a randomized controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Irene","family":"Braithwaite","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington 6021, New Zealand"},{"name":"Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington 6021, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stephen","family":"Mackintosh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pacific Radiology Limited, Wellington 6024, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Samantha","family":"Buchanan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pacific Radiology Limited, Wellington 6024, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kerstin","family":"Schwarzenlander","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington 6021, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bernadette","family":"De Ruyter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Capital and Coast District Health Board, Wellington 6021, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-2054270416681746","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(95)91320-3"},{"key":"bibr2-2054270416681746","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0049-3848(02)00059-2"},{"key":"bibr3-2054270416681746","first-page":"CD006681","volume":"4","author":"Testroote M","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"bibr4-2054270416681746","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1538-7836.2008.02984.x"},{"key":"bibr5-2054270416681746","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa011327"},{"key":"bibr6-2054270416681746","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/17453670710014185"},{"key":"bibr7-2054270416681746","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.bot.0000250741.65003.14"},{"key":"bibr8-2054270416681746","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.92B5.23241"},{"key":"bibr9-2054270416681746","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.11-2404"},{"key":"bibr10-2054270416681746","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/948769"},{"key":"bibr11-2054270416681746","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.01166.2004"},{"key":"bibr12-2054270416681746","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcu.20236"},{"key":"bibr13-2054270416681746","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/hrt.14.3.325"},{"key":"bibr14-2054270416681746","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/ejvs.1999.1048"}],"container-title":["JRSM Open"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/2054270416681746","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/2054270416681746","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/2054270416681746","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,1]],"date-time":"2025-03-01T06:48:09Z","timestamp":1740811689000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/2054270416681746"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,1]]},"references-count":14,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/2054270416681746"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/2054270416681746","relation":{},"ISSN":["2054-2704","2054-2704"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"2054-2704"},{"type":"electronic","value":"2054-2704"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,1]]},"article-number":"2054270416681746"}}