{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T13:40:26Z","timestamp":1753882826626,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,1]],"date-time":"2017-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1501545600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JRSM Open"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p> To test the potential association between time spent with a doctor and antibiotic overprescriptions in case of the common cold, runny nose, bronchitis, chest colds, flu, sore throats, and fluid in the middle ear. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design<\/jats:title><jats:p> Cross-sectional study <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title><jats:p> Office-based physicians in the US. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title><jats:p> A total of 261,623 patient visits recorded to office-based physicians in the US. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Main outcome measures<\/jats:title><jats:p> The interest outcome was unnecessary antibiotic prescription. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p> The analysis revealed five significant predictors of antibiotic prescriptions for suspected viral infections: length of doctor\u2013patient encounter time, patient gender, spending time with a family medicine doctor, type of insurance, and the rate of antibiotic prescriptions per physician. For every additional minute a patient spent with a physician during a visit, the mean predicted probability of receiving unnecessary antibiotics decreased by 2.4%. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p> This study provided evidence that physicians continue to prescribe antibiotics in avoidable cases. Policies that would monitor antibiotic prescription in office-based settings should be considered in order to control spreading of antibiotic resistance and eventually improve population health. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/2054270417717668","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,1]],"date-time":"2017-08-01T09:18:05Z","timestamp":1501579085000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Factors associated with antibiotic prescriptions for the viral origin diseases in office-based practices, 2006\u20132012"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Sara","family":"Imanpour","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Obioma","family":"Nwaiwu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Arkansas for Medical Science, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Darcy K","family":"McMaughan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bethany","family":"DeSalvo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Adnan","family":"Bashir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-2054270417717668","unstructured":"CDC. 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