{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]],"date-time":"2026-07-14T23:22:39Z","timestamp":1784071359366,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,1]],"date-time":"2016-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1467331200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery Open Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Case summary<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A 3-year-old, female, spayed, domestic shorthair cat presented for dysuria and haematuria, unresponsive to antibiotic treatment. A small, fleshy, erythematous mass protruded from the vaginal vault. Ultrasound identified a vaginal mass effect with mixed echogenicity measuring in excess of 3 cm. Vaginoscopy confirmed an extensive, fleshy, irregular mass that was characterised histologically as pyogranulomatous vaginitis, with periodic acid\u2013Schiff-positive macrophages containing gram-negative bacteria. Fluorescence in situ hybridisation analysis demonstrated invasive intracellular Escherichia coli. Vaginal malakoplakia was diagnosed. Tissue culture and antimicrobial susceptibility of E coli was used to guide treatment. A 6 week course of enrofloxacin 5 mg\/kg q24h resulted in complete resolution of the mass and clinical signs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Relevance and novel information<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Malakoplakia is a rare chronic inflammatory condition that has been previously reported in the bladder of two cats. The pathogenesis of malakoplakia is thought to involve ineffective killing of bacteria (eg. E coli), similar to granulomatous colitis in Boxers and French Bulldogs. The literature on malakoplakia in cats is sparse. This is the first reported feline case with vaginal involvement, intracellular E coli and successful treatment with a fluoroquinolone. Malakoplakia is an important, non-neoplastic differential diagnosis when a mass is identified in the urogenital system of a young cat.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/2055116916674871","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,4]],"date-time":"2016-11-04T21:30:01Z","timestamp":1478295001000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Successful treatment of vaginal malakoplakia in a young cat"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"2","author":[{"given":"Ryan P","family":"Cattin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterinary Specialist Group, Auckland, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael R","family":"Hardcastle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gribbles Veterinary Pathology, Auckland, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kenneth W","family":"Simpson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-2055116916674871","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/path.1711400402"},{"key":"bibr2-2055116916674871","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2008.02.002"},{"key":"bibr3-2055116916674871","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9975(81)90082-7"},{"key":"bibr4-2055116916674871","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1098612X12471663"},{"key":"bibr5-2055116916674871","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1293\/tox.2013-0024"},{"key":"bibr6-2055116916674871","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9975(85)90079-9"},{"key":"bibr7-2055116916674871","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0300985813503566"},{"key":"bibr8-2055116916674871","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1464-410x.1999.00198.x"},{"key":"bibr9-2055116916674871","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(17)54940-X"},{"key":"bibr10-2055116916674871","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1996.00440050137015"},{"key":"bibr11-2055116916674871","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-695X.1998.tb01222.x"},{"key":"bibr12-2055116916674871","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/path.1711360205"},{"key":"bibr13-2055116916674871","first-page":"453","volume":"79","author":"Csap\u00f3 Z","year":"1975","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"bibr14-2055116916674871","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00067-06"},{"key":"bibr15-2055116916674871","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/030098586500200601"},{"key":"bibr16-2055116916674871","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms10460"},{"key":"bibr17-2055116916674871","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2016.00004"},{"key":"bibr18-2055116916674871","unstructured":"Peterson ME, Kutzler MA. 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