{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T02:18:16Z","timestamp":1793326696262,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]],"date-time":"2022-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640995200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Otsuka Pharmaceutical Development & Commercialization Inc"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["DIGITAL HEALTH"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Adherence to antipsychotic medication is critical for bipolar disorder (BPD), major depression (MDD) and schizophrenia (SCZ) patients. Digital tools have emerged to monitor medication adherence along with tracking general health. Evidence on physician or patient preferences for such tools exists but is limited among caregivers. The study objective was to assess preferences and willingness-to-pay (WTP) for medication adherence monitoring tools among caregivers of SMI patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A web-based survey was administered to caregivers of adult SMI patients. Twelve discrete choice questions comparing adherence monitoring tools that varied across two attribute bundles: (1) tool attributes including source of medication adherence information, frequency of information updates, access to adherence information, and physical activity, mood, and rest tracking, and (2) caregiver monthly out-of-pocket cost attribute were administered to caregiver respondents. Attributes were parameterized for both digital and non-digital tools. Random utility models were used to estimate caregivers\u2019 preferences and WTP.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Among 184 study-eligible caregivers, 57, 61 and 66 participants cared for BPD, MDD, and SCZ patients, respectively. Caregivers highly preferred (odds ratio (OR): 7.34, 95% confidence interval (CI): 5.00\u201310.79) a tool that tracked medication ingestion using a pill embedded with an ingestible event market (IEM) sensor and tracked patients\u2019 physical activity, mood, and rest than a non-digital pill organizer. Additionally, caregivers were willing to pay $255 per month (95% CI: $123\u2013$387) more for this tool compared to a pill organizer.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Caregivers of SMI patients highly preferred and were willing to pay more for digital tools that not only measures medication ingestion but also tracks general health.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/20552076221084472","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,10]],"date-time":"2022-03-10T11:03:35Z","timestamp":1646910215000},"page":"205520762210844","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Are caregivers ready for digital? Caregiver preferences for health technology tools to monitor medication adherence among patients with serious mental illness"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Felicia","family":"Forma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pear Therapeutics, Inc., Boston, MA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2584-3736","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kevin","family":"Chiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"PRECISIONheor, Los Angeles, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jason","family":"Shafrin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"FTI Consulting, Los Angeles, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dusica Hadzi","family":"Boskovic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Otsuka Pharmaceutical Development & Commercialization Inc., Princeton, NJ, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S Phani","family":"Veeranki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Optum, Eden Prairie, MN, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-20552076221084472","unstructured":"National Institute of Mental Health. Mental Illness, https:\/\/www.nimh.nih.gov\/health\/statistics\/mental-illness.shtml (2021, accessed 5 April 2021)."},{"key":"bibr2-20552076221084472","unstructured":"American Psychiatric Association. What Is Mental Illness? https:\/\/www.psychiatry.org\/patients-families\/what-is-mental-illness (2018, 2021)."},{"key":"bibr3-20552076221084472","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1993.01820140007001"},{"key":"bibr4-20552076221084472","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2017.4602"},{"key":"bibr5-20552076221084472","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2016.10.003"},{"key":"bibr6-20552076221084472","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1906193"},{"key":"bibr7-20552076221084472","unstructured":"National Institute of Mental Health. Major Depression, https:\/\/www.nimh.nih.gov\/health\/statistics\/major-depression (2021, accessed 15 June 2021)."},{"key":"bibr8-20552076221084472","unstructured":"National Institute of Mental Health. Schizophrenia. https:\/\/www.nimh.nih.gov\/health\/statistics\/schizophrenia (2021, accessed 24 June 2021)."},{"key":"bibr9-20552076221084472","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/CEOR.S259338"},{"key":"bibr10-20552076221084472","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40273-021-01019-4"},{"key":"bibr11-20552076221084472","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S62","DOI":"10.37765\/ajmc.2020.43013","volume":"26","author":"Wander C","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am J Manag Care"},{"key":"bibr12-20552076221084472","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.6699.1"},{"key":"bibr13-20552076221084472","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/JOM.0b013e3181db811d"},{"key":"bibr14-20552076221084472","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2007.08.020"},{"key":"bibr15-20552076221084472","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/10940"},{"key":"bibr16-20552076221084472","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pon.5280"},{"key":"bibr17-20552076221084472","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2019-2056G"},{"key":"bibr18-20552076221084472","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/mhealth.6837"},{"key":"bibr19-20552076221084472","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/22696"},{"key":"bibr20-20552076221084472","first-page":"e7798","volume":"5","author":"Badawy SM","year":"2017","journal-title":"JMIR Mhealth Uhealth"},{"key":"bibr21-20552076221084472","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apnu.2020.08.001"},{"key":"bibr22-20552076221084472","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3928\/02793695-20201104-02"},{"key":"bibr23-20552076221084472","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/tmj.2015.0227"},{"key":"bibr24-20552076221084472","unstructured":"AARDEX Group. MEMS Cap Adherence Hardward, https:\/\/www.aardexgroup.com\/solutions\/mems-adherence-hardware\/ (2019, accessed 24 June 2021)."},{"key":"bibr25-20552076221084472","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/JHQ.0000000000000097"},{"key":"bibr26-20552076221084472","unstructured":"Food Drug Administration. FDA approves pill with sensor that digitally tracks if patients have ingested their medication. 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