{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T19:40:56Z","timestamp":1793130056910,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,1]],"date-time":"2024-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704067200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012553","name":"Chang Gung Memorial Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["BMRPD25"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BMRPD25"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012553","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100020950","name":"National Science and Technology Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NSTC 111-2628-B-182-009"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NSTC 111-2628-B-182-009"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100020950","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100020950","name":"National Science and Technology Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NSTC 112-2326-B-182-004-MY3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NSTC 112-2326-B-182-004-MY3"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100020950","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100020950","name":"National Science and Technology Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NSTC 112-2628-B-182-006"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NSTC 112-2628-B-182-006"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100020950","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["DIGITAL HEALTH"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Technologically adapted mirror therapy shows promising results in improving motor function for stroke survivors. The treatment effects of a newly developed multi-mode stroke rehabilitation system offering multiple training modes in digital mirror therapy remain unknown. This study aimed to examine the effects of unilateral mirror visual feedback (MVF) with unimanual training (UM-UT), unilateral MVF with bimanual training (UM-BT), and bilateral MVF with bimanual training (BM-BT) on clinical outcomes in stroke survivors, compared to classical mirror therapy (CMT).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Thirty-five participants were randomly assigned to one of four groups receiving fifteen 60-minute training sessions for 3\u20134 weeks. The Fugl-Meyer Assessment for Upper Extremity (FMA-UE), Chedoke Arm and Hand Activity Inventory (CAHAI), Revised Nottingham Sensory Assessment (rNSA), Motor Activity Log (MAL), and EQ-5D-5L were administered at pre- and post-intervention and at 1-month follow-up.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>After intervention and follow-up, significant within-group treatment efficacies were found on most primary outcomes of the FMA-UE and CAHAI scores in all four groups. Significant within-group improvements in the secondary outcomes were found on the MAL and EQ-5D-5L index in the UM-BT group, and the rNSA tactile sensation and MAL quality of movement subscales in the BM-BT group. No significant between-group treatment efficacies were found.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>UM-UT, UM-BT, BM-BT, and CMT led to similar clinical effects on the FMA-UE and can be considered effective alternative interventions for post-stroke upper-limb motor rehabilitation. UM-BT and BM-BT showed within-group improvements in functional performance in the patients\u2019 affected upper limbs in real-life activities.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/20552076241260536","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,5]],"date-time":"2024-06-05T03:33:48Z","timestamp":1717558428000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Comparisons of three different modes of digital mirror therapy for post-stroke rehabilitation: Preliminary results of randomized controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5877-4792","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Meng-Ta","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Occupational Therapy and Graduate Institute of Behavioral Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9132-5289","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chih-Chi","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan"},{"name":"School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hsuan-Lun","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, Da-Yeh University, Changhua County, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2564-8431","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yu-Wei","family":"Hsieh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Occupational Therapy and Graduate Institute of Behavioral Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-20552076241260536","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/17474930211065917"},{"key":"bibr2-20552076241260536","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30925-9"},{"key":"bibr3-20552076241260536","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2022.896651"},{"key":"bibr4-20552076241260536","volume":"2014","author":"Pollock A","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst 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