{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,7]],"date-time":"2026-05-07T15:11:10Z","timestamp":1778166670938,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]],"date-time":"2025-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746057600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006261","name":"Taif University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["TU-DSPP-2024-20"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TU-DSPP-2024-20"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006261","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["DIGITAL HEALTH"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aims to enhance the early diagnosis of Mpox through machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) models, integrating an ensemble approach to improve classification accuracy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We used the Mpox Skin Lesion Dataset v2.0, comprising six skin lesion categories, including chickenpox, cowpox, Mpox, measles, hand-foot-mouth disease, and healthy skin. Four models\u2014Logistic Regression, K-Nearest Neighbors, Vision Transformer (ViT), and ConvMixer\u2014were evaluated based on their classification performance. An ensemble model combining ViT and ConvMixer predictions was developed to further improve accuracy and robustness. Performance metrics such as accuracy, precision, recall, F1-score, and AUC were used for evaluation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The ViT model outperformed traditional ML models, achieving 93.03% accuracy in detecting Mpox lesions. The ensemble model further improved diagnostic performance, yielding balanced precision and recall across all lesion categories. The proposed approach demonstrated superior classification accuracy compared to previous studies, highlighting the efficacy of DL-based models in distinguishing Mpox from visually similar conditions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The integration of ML and DL models in an ensemble framework significantly enhances Mpox detection. This AI-driven diagnostic approach offers a scalable, accurate, and efficient solution, particularly in resource-limited settings. Future research will focus on improving model interpretability, federated learning integration, and validation with real-world clinical data.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/20552076251344135","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,5]],"date-time":"2025-06-05T02:31:16Z","timestamp":1749090676000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Early detection of human Mpox: A comparative study by using machine learning and deep learning models with ensemble approach"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Madhumita","family":"Pal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Government College of Engineering, Keonjhar, Odisha, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Branda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Medical Statistics and Molecular Epidemiology, Universit\u00e0 Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Adel Qlayel","family":"Alkhedaide","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Turabah University College, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ashish K","family":"Sarangi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, School of Applied Sciences, Centurion University of Technology and Management, Odisha, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Himansu Bhusan","family":"Samal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy and Life Sciences. Centurion university of Technology and Management, Odisha, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lizaranee","family":"Tripathy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, School of Applied Sciences, Centurion University of Technology and Management, Odisha, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Binapani","family":"Barik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy and Life Sciences. 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