{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,18]],"date-time":"2026-05-18T12:18:23Z","timestamp":1779106703320,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]],"date-time":"2025-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746057600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"German Federal Ministry of Education and Research","award":["01ZZ2022"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["01ZZ2022"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["DIGITAL HEALTH"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A standardized fall risk assessment can guide targeted interventions. The widely used short physical performance battery (SPPB) for mobility assessment covers balance, gait speed, and lower limb strength, but is time-consuming and requires trained raters. The newly developed video-based smartphone application called MobiSPPB provides a rater-independent SPPB assessment. This study evaluated the technical validity and reliability of the MobiSPPB app compared to the standard rater-based SPPB. In addition, the ability to detect disease-related movement patterns was investigated.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Using a standardized experimental setting, 10 healthy participants performed the SPPB with and without movement impairments simulated by an instant aging suit. Two experienced raters rated the SPPB performance, and a smartphone recorded at the same time. The MobiSPPB app analyzed videos via vision-based human motion capture techniques. Spearman's correlations, the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), and receiver operating characteristic curves were calculated.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      There was a strong correlation between the app and standard SPPB (Spearman's Correlation of 0.869, 95% confidence interval (CI) of 0.79\u20130.92,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Compared with the standard assessment, the app presented a more significant ICC in the test\u2013retest reliability analysis (0.936, 95% CI of 0.87-0.97,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Detecting disease-related movement patterns achieved high accuracy in capturing severe impairments such as hemiplegia (area under the curve (AUC) 93%). Inconsistencies between the raters indicated that the app provides more objective assessments.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The technical validation of the MobiSPPB app was successful in a standardized experimental setting and requires further testing in clinical practice.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/20552076251346575","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,3]],"date-time":"2025-07-03T02:25:41Z","timestamp":1751509541000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Short physical performance battery: Pilot study of a human motion capture app (MobiSPPB)"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-9253-3020","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lucas","family":"K\u00fcppers","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of General Practice and Family Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Richard","family":"Pfannenstiel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Digital Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3020-1332","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arezoo","family":"Bozorgmehr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of General Practice and Family Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3687-6165","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stephan","family":"Jonas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Digital Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1285-1545","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Birgitta","family":"Weltermann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of General Practice and Family Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6546-8531","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lara Marie","family":"Reimer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Digital Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cger.2016.08.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0233857"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13018-022-03222-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2013-003367"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40520-016-0588-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.15304"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2023.1209319"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/1354362"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/geronj\/49.2.M85"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/55.4.M221"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-016-0349-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-016-0763-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12872-020-01725-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afy169"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-023-04505-w"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40985-018-0086-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2020.00261"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s11556-021-00266-w"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s23073426"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/electronics9030528"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.16135"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TBME.2023.3253061"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","unstructured":"Krupp S. f\u00fcr die AG assessment der Deutschen Gesellschaft f\u00fcr Geriatrie e. V. S1-Leitlinie Geriatrisches Assessment der Stufe 2 Living Guideline Version 11.01.2024 AWMF-Register-Nr. 084-002LG."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s20195687"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/cviu.2000.0897"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvcir.2004.04.009"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_28_2","unstructured":"Apple Machine Learning Research. Deploying transformers on the apple neural engine https:\/\/machinelearning.apple.com\/research\/neural-engine-transformers (accessed 17 May 2024)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_29_2","unstructured":"Bazarevsky V Grishchenko I Raveendran K et al. BlazePose: On-device real-time body pose tracking: arXiv 2020."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/0361073X.2020.1766299"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_31_2","unstructured":"Grishchenko I Bazarevsky V Zanfir A et al. BlazePose GHUM holistic: Real-time 3D human landmarks and pose estimation: arXiv 2022."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcm.2016.02.012"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0898264312438551"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0201035"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_35_2","unstructured":"Grandini M Bagli E Visani G. Metrics for multi-class classification: an overview: arXiv 2020."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-022-03271-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40520-018-1082-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2020.09.038"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-023-04290-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s41999-024-00941-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-008-0781-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2024.4166"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2019-101512"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2021-051377"}],"container-title":["DIGITAL HEALTH"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/20552076251346575","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/20552076251346575","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/20552076251346575","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T17:52:12Z","timestamp":1777398732000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/20552076251346575"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"references-count":43,"alternative-id":["10.1177\/20552076251346575"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/20552076251346575","relation":{},"ISSN":["2055-2076","2055-2076"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2055-2076","type":"print"},{"value":"2055-2076","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"article-number":"20552076251346575"}}