{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,31]],"date-time":"2026-10-31T04:06:16Z","timestamp":1793419576570,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]],"date-time":"2025-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746057600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]],"date-time":"2025-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746057600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"Research Institute of Nursing Science, Seoul National University","award":["Student Research Grant in 2023"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Student Research Grant in 2023"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["DIGITAL HEALTH"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Undergraduate students are particularly vulnerable to mental health problems due to academic pressure, financial concerns, and interpersonal stressors. Nature-based virtual reality (VR) technologies, which replicate natural settings, may offer psychological benefits by compensating for limited access to real-world natural environments in urban contexts.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a nature-based VR relaxation program in improving mental health and sleep outcomes among Korean undergraduate students.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Participants from five Korean universities were randomly assigned to one of three groups: VR relaxation, progressive muscle relaxation (PMR), or wait-list control. Self-reported measures of depression, anxiety, perceived stress, and sleep patterns were collected at baseline, post-intervention, and follow-up. Objective sleep efficiency was assessed using wrist-worn actigraphy devices. Data were analyzed using generalized estimating equations to examine changes over time and between groups.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 41 participants completed the study. The VR intervention group showed significant reductions in perceived stress levels (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.001) and improvements in subjective sleep patterns (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.046), with these effects sustained at follow-up. Notably, sleep efficiency measured via actigraphy improved significantly in the PMR group compared to the other groups (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.033).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A nature-based VR relaxation program appears to be an effective digital intervention for reducing stress and enhancing subjective sleep quality among undergraduate students. These findings highlight the potential of nature-simulating digital environments to support mental health and wellness in settings with limited access to natural spaces.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/20552076251365140","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,11]],"date-time":"2025-08-11T06:38:27Z","timestamp":1754894307000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Nature-based virtual reality relaxation to improve mental health and sleep in undergraduate students: A randomized controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9027-4897","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Junggeun","family":"Ahn","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Nursing, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5883-7557","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jiu","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Nursing, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-4973-3172","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Youngeun","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Nursing, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Center for World-leading Human-Caring Nurse Leaders for the Future by Brain Korea 21 (BK21) Four Project, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7035-3619","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Riah","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Korea Armed Forces Nursing Academy, Daejeon, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2649-4972","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Heeseung","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Nursing, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Research Institute of Nursing Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17186634"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2018.01.018"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2021.03.054"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","unstructured":"Maeil Business News. 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