{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,4]],"date-time":"2026-07-04T07:15:07Z","timestamp":1783149307070,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"Project of Tianjin Nursing Association","award":["tjhlky2024QN12"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["tjhlky2024QN12"]}]},{"name":"Tianjin Natural Science Foundation Project","award":["24JCZDJC00880"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["24JCZDJC00880"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["DIGITAL HEALTH"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aims to perform a comprehensive visualization-based analysis of the research status, thematic hotspots, and developmental trends in AI-assisted oral disease diagnosis over the past two decades, thereby offering valuable references for future research in this fields.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Material and methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We conducted a bibliometric study with 2,131 documents extracted from the Web of Science Core Collection (2005-2025) using CiteSpace to systematically analyze publication trends, major countries, institutions, journals and co-citation patterns. Visualizations including collaboration networks, keyword co-occurrence clusters, citation bursts, and topic timelines showed the evolving intellectual structure and emerging research fronts in this area.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The number of annual publications grew exponentially and peaked at 519 in 2024. China, the United States and India ranked as the top three countries. Berlin-based institutions contributed 224 publications, representing 45.62% of the 491 outputs from the top ten productive institutions. Core keywords were identified through co-occurrence analysis, including \u201cartificial intelligence\u201d, \u201cdeep learning\u201d, \u201cmachine learning\u201d, and \u201cclassification\u201d. Further cluster analysis formed 15 clusters, which were summarized into three major themes: clinical diseases, technical approaches, and cross-cutting integration. Burst analysis showed that \u201cComputer-aided diagnosis\u201d had the strongest burst (5.23), followed by \u201csystem\u201d (4.75) and \u201cextractions\u201d (4.69).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this study, we used bibliometric visualization analysis to explore the evolution process and main research areas of AI-aided diagnosis for oral diseases between 2005 and 2025, identified new research areas, and provided useful guidance on future research and application topics.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/20552076261465335","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T09:16:36Z","timestamp":1782897396000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Visualization of artificial intelligence applications in oral disease diagnosis: A bibliometric analysis"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6783-0939","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fangfang","family":"Liang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Tianjin Stomatological Hospital, School of Medicine, Nankai University"},{"name":"Tianjin Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Function Reconstruction, Tianjin, China"},{"name":"Stomatology Institute of Nankai University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ziyi","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tianjin Stomatological Hospital, School of Medicine, Nankai University"},{"name":"Tianjin Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Function Reconstruction, Tianjin, China"},{"name":"Stomatology Institute of Nankai University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haonan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tianjin Stomatological Hospital, School of Medicine, Nankai University"},{"name":"Tianjin Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Function Reconstruction, Tianjin, China"},{"name":"Stomatology Institute of Nankai University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Panpan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Henan Provincial People\u2019s Hospital"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tianjin Stomatological Hospital, School of Medicine, Nankai University"},{"name":"Tianjin Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Function Reconstruction, Tianjin, China"},{"name":"Stomatology Institute of Nankai University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_6_2_2","volume-title":"Global oral health status report: towards universal health coverage for oral health by 2030","author":"Geneva: World Health Organization","year":"2022","unstructured":"Geneva: World Health Organization. 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