{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,3]],"date-time":"2026-04-03T03:32:00Z","timestamp":1775187120431,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,1]],"date-time":"2016-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1451606400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Multiple Sclerosis Journal - Experimental, Translational and Clinical"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p> Multiple sclerosis (MS) may affect other cranial nerves besides the optic nerve. Sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSHL), possibly caused by a deficit in the auditory tract, including the vestibulocochlear nerve, is sometimes associated with MS. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p> We aimed to assess the incidence of SSHL among MS patients, its frequency as an initial symptom of MS, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings associated with SSHL in MS. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p> We collected retrospectively all patients diagnosed with MS and SSHL at the Helsinki University Hospital between 2004 and 2014. Patients with both diagnoses were re-evaluated using hospital medical records, audiograms and head MRI scans. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p> A total of 2736 patients were diagnosed with MS, 1581 patients with SSHL, and 18 patients (0.7% of all MS patients) with both; two patients presented with SSHL as an initial symptom of MS. The annual incidence of SSHL was 59.8\/100 000 (95% confidence interval (CI) 37.7\u201394.9) in MS patients, and 12.4\/100 000 (95% CI 11.8\u201313.0) in the normal population. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p> SSHL is a rare symptom of MS and is even less frequent as an initial symptom. Its incidence in MS patients, however, markedly exceeds that in the normal population. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/2055217316652155","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,1]],"date-time":"2016-06-01T01:48:44Z","timestamp":1464745724000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Association of multiple sclerosis and sudden sensorineural hearing           loss"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"2","author":[{"given":"S","family":"Atula","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Neurosciences, Neurology, University of Helsinki\r          and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"ST","family":"Sinkkonen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology \u2013 Head and Neck Surgery,\r          University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R","family":"Saat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki\r          University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"T","family":"Sairanen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Neurosciences, Neurology, University of Helsinki\r          and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"T","family":"Atula","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology \u2013 Head and Neck Surgery,\r          University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-2055217316652155","first-page":"82","volume":"16","author":"Shams PN","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int MS J"},{"key":"bibr2-2055217316652155","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diii.2013.06.013"},{"key":"bibr3-2055217316652155","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-1331.2008.02406.x"},{"key":"bibr4-2055217316652155","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0196-0709(89)90031-8"},{"key":"bibr5-2055217316652155","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.48.1.270"},{"key":"bibr6-2055217316652155","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-510X(96)00294-8"},{"key":"bibr7-2055217316652155","unstructured":"National Institute of Deafness and\n            Communication Disorders. 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