{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T02:16:23Z","timestamp":1787019383743,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,1]],"date-time":"2020-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1593561600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006436","name":"Celgene","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["IQVIA was commissioned, and financed, to conduct t"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IQVIA was commissioned, and financed, to conduct t"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006436","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Multiple Sclerosis Journal - Experimental, Translational and Clinical"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Comorbidity is of significant concern in multiple sclerosis (MS). Few population-based studies have reported conditions occurring in MS after diagnosis, especially in contemporary cohorts.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To explore incident comorbidity, mortality and hospitalizations in MS, stratified by age and sex.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In a Swedish population-based cohort study 6602 incident MS patients (aged \u226518\u2009years) and 61,828 matched MS-free individuals were identified between 1 January 2008 and 31 December 2016, using national registers. Incidence rates (IRs) and incidence rate ratios (IRRs) with 95% CI were calculated for each outcome.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>IRs of cardiovascular disease (CVD) were higher among MS patients than MS-free individuals, (major adverse CVD: IRR 1.42; 95% CI 1.12\u20131.82; hemorrhagic\/ischemic stroke: 1.46; 1.05\u20132.02; transient ischemic attack: 1.65; 1.09\u20132.50; heart failure: 1.55; 1.15\u20132.10); venous thromboembolism: 1.42; 1.14\u20131.77). MS patients also had higher risks of several non-CVDs such as autoimmune conditions (IRR 3.83; 3.01\u20134.87), bowel dysfunction (2.16; 1.86\u20132.50), depression (2.38; 2.11\u20132.68), and fractures (1.32; 1.19\u20131.47), as well as being hospitalized and to suffer from CVD-related deaths ((1.91; 1.00\u20133.65), particularly in females (3.57; 1.58\u20138.06)).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>MS-patients experience a notable comorbidity burden which emphasizes the need for integrated disease management in order to improve patient care and long-term outcomes of MS.<\/jats:p>\n                  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