{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T13:42:24Z","timestamp":1753882944575,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]],"date-time":"2022-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640995200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Multiple Sclerosis Journal - Experimental, Translational and Clinical"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> Background: Cognitive impairment and neuropsychiatric symptoms are frequently reported in Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis (RRMS). Natalizumab (NTZ) is usually administered on a 4-weekly Standard Interval Dosing (SID) schedule. However, Extended Interval Dosing (EID) at 6\u20138 weekly intervals has been proven non-inferior regarding relapse risk, with a lower risk of Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy (PML). The impact of EID NTZ on neuropsychological deficits in RRMS has not been studied. Objective: To determine if EID NTZ demonstrates an improvement in neuropsychological parameters in RRMS patients. Method: We performed a retrospective, observational analysis of 34 RRMS patients treated between August 2015\u20132017. Patients underwent baseline neuropsychological testing before commencing EID NTZ. A second evaluation was performed, on average 28 months after commencing treatment. Results: Z scores at the initial assessment showed baseline cognitive impairment in multiple domains. 14\/20 Z-scores showed an improvement post-NTZ and 5\/14 reached statistical significance; namely Trails A (visual attention\/processing speed), Line-orientation (visual-spatial), Picture-naming (word finding), Digital-Span (attention, executive function and memory) and Story-recall (memory). The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) data remained unchanged. Correlation matrix showed no association between HADS scores, the time between assessments and the changes in Z scores. Conclusion: This data suggests the efficacy of EID NTZ in improving cognitive impairment in RRMS. A prospective observational study is warranted. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/20552173211070752","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,23]],"date-time":"2022-02-23T14:30:15Z","timestamp":1645626615000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Extended Interval Dosing Natalizumab and impact on neuropsychological deficits in Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4521-805X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eileen J.","family":"McManus","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Waikato Hospital, Hamilton, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Karen M.","family":"Clark","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Waikato Hospital, Hamilton, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christopher","family":"Frampton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jamie A.B.","family":"Macniven","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Waikato Hospital, Hamilton, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jan","family":"Schepel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Waikato Hospital, Hamilton, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-20552173211070752","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2004.045872"},{"key":"bibr2-20552173211070752","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneurol.2009.174"},{"key":"bibr3-20552173211070752","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-3999(94)90115-5"},{"key":"bibr4-20552173211070752","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1355617701766027"},{"key":"bibr5-20552173211070752","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa044397"},{"key":"bibr6-20552173211070752","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458513492246"},{"key":"bibr7-20552173211070752","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0131803"},{"key":"bibr8-20552173211070752","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458512473190"},{"key":"bibr9-20552173211070752","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000316810.01120.05"},{"key":"bibr10-20552173211070752","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msard.2018.09.008"},{"key":"bibr11-20552173211070752","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11011-008-9118-1"},{"key":"bibr12-20552173211070752","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2015.06.009"},{"key":"bibr13-20552173211070752","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458517708464"},{"key":"bibr14-20552173211070752","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1452","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000008243","volume":"93","author":"Ryerson LZ","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"bibr15-20552173211070752","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2015-312940"},{"key":"bibr16-20552173211070752","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1756285614540224"},{"key":"bibr17-20552173211070752","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msard.2018.06.015"},{"key":"bibr18-20552173211070752","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13311-019-00776-7"},{"key":"bibr19-20552173211070752","unstructured":"Ryerson LZ, Naismith RT, Krupp LB, et al. No difference in radiologic outcomes for natalizumab patients on extended interval dosing compared with standard interval dosing in MS PATHS (1964)."},{"key":"bibr20-20552173211070752","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2020-323472"},{"key":"bibr21-20552173211070752","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"675","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458516661048","volume":"23","author":"Perumal J","year":"2017","journal-title":"Multiple Sclerosis Journal"}],"container-title":["Multiple Sclerosis Journal - Experimental, Translational and Clinical"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/20552173211070752","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/20552173211070752","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/20552173211070752","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,3]],"date-time":"2025-03-03T15:13:56Z","timestamp":1741014836000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/20552173211070752"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"references-count":21,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/20552173211070752"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/20552173211070752","relation":{},"ISSN":["2055-2173","2055-2173"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"2055-2173"},{"type":"electronic","value":"2055-2173"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"article-number":"20552173211070752"}}