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AVF and MVF, derived from a multi-shell diffusion protocol and macromolecular tissue volume, respectively, were measured in normal-appearing white matter (NAWM) and lesions within the OR and used to calculate imaging g-ratio. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p> OR AVF and MVF were decreased in pwMS compared to HC, and in OR lesions compared to NAWM, whereas the g-ratio was not different. Compared to pwMS with previous ON, AVF and g-ratio tended to be higher in pwMS without prior ON. AVF and MVF, particularly in NAWM, were positively correlated with retinal thickness, which was more pronounced in pwMS with prior ON. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p> Axonal measures reflect microstructural tissue damage in the OR, particularly in the setting of remote ON, and correlate with established metrics of visual health in MS. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/20552173221147620","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,17]],"date-time":"2023-02-17T07:18:46Z","timestamp":1676618326000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Axonal and myelin changes and their inter-relationship in the optic radiations  in people with multiple sclerosis"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3628-4127","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eva A.","family":"Krijnen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"MS Center Amsterdam, Anatomy and Neurosciences, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chanon","family":"Ngamsombat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Charlestown, MA, USA"},{"name":"Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ilena C.","family":"George","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fang F.","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qiuyun","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Precision Instruments and Optoelectronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China"},{"name":"Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Medical College, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qiyuan","family":"Tian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Athinoula A. 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