{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T13:58:20Z","timestamp":1786629500806,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Multiple Sclerosis Journal - Experimental, Translational and Clinical"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p> Fatigue is a highly prevalent symptom in people with multiple sclerosis. It demands careful assessment and prompt intervention to improve their quality of life and overall burden of disease. This scoping review aims to provide a comprehensive synthesis and update of the existing evidence on the effectiveness of different pharmacological and nonpharmacological interventions for multiple sclerosis (MS)-related fatigue. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p> To ensure the transparency and quality of the articles chosen for this scoping review, the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis Protocols extension for Scoping Reviews was used. Exclusively randomized controlled trials published between 2016 and 2023 were included. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p> Twenty-eight articles were analyzed. We found that pharmacological interventions are few and have included the use of Amantadine, Ondansetron, Methylphenidate, and Modafinil, with little effects on fatigue. Nonpharmacological interventions are diverse and include cognitive behavioral therapy, guided imagery, phototherapy, exercise, brain stimulation, and lavender administration with evidence of a statistically significant decrease in fatigue. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions and Discussion<\/jats:title><jats:p> Current evidence on the effectiveness of pharmacological and nonpharmacological interventions is inconclusive. Lack of knowledge of the pathophysiology of fatigue limits its prevention, control, and management recommendations. A comprehensive and interdisciplinary approach is required to manage this symptom in patients with MS. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/20552173241312527","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,13]],"date-time":"2025-02-13T09:35:21Z","timestamp":1739439321000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Fatigue in multiple sclerosis: A scoping review of pharmacological and nonpharmacological interventions"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4640-3529","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mateo","family":"Diaz-Quiroz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroscience Research Group (NeURos), Centro de Neurociencia NeURovitae, Cra 24#63C-69, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Bogot\u00e1, Colombia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paula Catalina","family":"Chicue-Cuervo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Psychology Program, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Psycho-oncology and Palliative Care Research Hub, Bogot\u00e1, Colombia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luna","family":"Garcia-Moreno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Psychology Program, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Psycho-oncology and Palliative Care Research Hub, Bogot\u00e1, Colombia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mariana","family":"Gaviria-Carrillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroscience Research Group (NeURos), Centro de Neurociencia NeURovitae, Cra 24#63C-69, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Bogot\u00e1, Colombia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1601-5015","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Claudia","family":"Talero-Gutierrez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroscience Research Group (NeURos), Centro de Neurociencia NeURovitae, Cra 24#63C-69, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Bogot\u00e1, Colombia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ximena","family":"Palacios-Espinosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Psychology Program, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Individual, Family and Society Research Group, Bogot\u00e1, Colombia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-20552173241312527","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2020.05.049"},{"key":"bibr2-20552173241312527","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.26858"},{"key":"bibr3-20552173241312527","first-page":"596","volume":"25","author":"Nourbakhsh B","year":"2019","journal-title":"Continuum (Minneap Minn)"},{"key":"bibr4-20552173241312527","unstructured":"Multiple Sclerosis Council for Clinical Practice Guidelines. Cinical Practice Guidelines. Fatigue in Multiple Sclerosis. Evidence-Based Management Strategies for Fatigue in Multiple Sclerosis [Internet]. Paralyzed Veterans of America; 1998. Available from: https:\/\/pva.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/fatigue1b772.pdf."},{"key":"bibr5-20552173241312527","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2018-320050"},{"key":"bibr6-20552173241312527","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12883-021-02396-1"},{"key":"bibr7-20552173241312527","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-009-5257-5"},{"key":"bibr8-20552173241312527","volume":"13","author":"Ayache SS","journal-title":"Front Neurol [Internet]"},{"key":"bibr9-20552173241312527","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/NDT.S429862"},{"key":"bibr10-20552173241312527","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msard.2021.102799"},{"key":"bibr11-20552173241312527","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(20)30354-9"},{"key":"bibr12-20552173241312527","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-95084-6"},{"key":"bibr13-20552173241312527","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2017.08.012"},{"key":"bibr14-20552173241312527","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12874-018-0611-x"},{"key":"bibr15-20552173241312527","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/M18-0850"},{"key":"bibr16-20552173241312527","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/18.Supplement_1.S79"},{"key":"bibr17-20552173241312527","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0317167100048691"},{"key":"bibr18-20552173241312527","volume-title":"STOP, THAT and one hundred other sleep scales [Internet]","author":"Shahid A"},{"key":"bibr19-20552173241312527","unstructured":"Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS). NIH Common Fund [Internet]. [cited 2024 Oct 31]. Available from: https:\/\/commonfund.nih.gov\/promis\/index."},{"key":"bibr20-20552173241312527","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2010.04.011"},{"key":"bibr21-20552173241312527","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1989.00520460115022"},{"key":"bibr22-20552173241312527","volume":"8","author":"Khazaei M","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Transl Med [Internet]"},{"key":"bibr23-20552173241312527","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychores.2017.12.014"},{"key":"bibr24-20552173241312527","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cct.2022.107056"},{"key":"bibr25-20552173241312527","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458518775920"},{"key":"bibr26-20552173241312527","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12883-022-02677-3"},{"key":"bibr27-20552173241312527","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18010017"},{"key":"bibr28-20552173241312527","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/09727531231161994"},{"key":"bibr29-20552173241312527","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/13524585211009216"},{"key":"bibr30-20552173241312527","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458519865740"},{"key":"bibr31-20552173241312527","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msard.2021.102948"},{"key":"bibr32-20552173241312527","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2017.06.015"},{"key":"bibr33-20552173241312527","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scispo.2021.12.014"},{"key":"bibr34-20552173241312527","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msard.2022.104106"},{"key":"bibr35-20552173241312527","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.explore.2018.07.007"},{"key":"bibr36-20552173241312527","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msard.2022.103742"},{"key":"bibr37-20552173241312527","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10942912.2020.1840390"},{"key":"bibr38-20552173241312527","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-46047-6"},{"key":"bibr39-20552173241312527","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msard.2022.104467"},{"key":"bibr40-20552173241312527","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/RNN-180850"},{"key":"bibr41-20552173241312527","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ctcp.2022.101572"},{"key":"bibr42-20552173241312527","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msard.2022.104000"},{"key":"bibr43-20552173241312527","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458517732842"},{"key":"bibr44-20552173241312527","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjpt.2022.100449"},{"key":"bibr45-20552173241312527","first-page":"19","volume":"98","author":"Brown WA","year":"2013","journal-title":"R I Med J"},{"key":"bibr46-20552173241312527","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1907805"},{"key":"bibr47-20552173241312527","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2702.2007.01995.x"},{"key":"bibr48-20552173241312527","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000006810"},{"key":"bibr49-20552173241312527","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000009636"},{"key":"bibr50-20552173241312527","volume-title":"StatPearls [Internet]","author":"Tafti D"},{"key":"bibr51-20552173241312527","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00210-022-02280-w"},{"key":"bibr52-20552173241312527","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00043.2012"},{"key":"bibr53-20552173241312527","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2007.06.028"},{"key":"bibr54-20552173241312527","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2010.0403"},{"key":"bibr55-20552173241312527","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2019.08.010"},{"key":"bibr56-20552173241312527","first-page":"279","volume":"15","author":"Kim M","year":"2021","journal-title":"Asian Nurs Res (Korean Soc Nurs Sci)"},{"key":"bibr57-20552173241312527","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1755738012471029"},{"key":"bibr58-20552173241312527","author":"Galway K","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cochrane Library"},{"key":"bibr59-20552173241312527","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11136-013-0460-3"},{"key":"bibr60-20552173241312527","first-page":"208","volume-title":"Handbook of mindfulness: theory, research, and practice","author":"Arch JJ","year":"2015"},{"key":"bibr61-20552173241312527","first-page":"47","volume-title":"Non-pharmacological interventions: an essential answer to current demographic, health, and environmental transitions [internet]","author":"Ninot G"},{"key":"bibr62-20552173241312527","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13668-016-0175-5"},{"key":"bibr63-20552173241312527","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458521996002"},{"key":"bibr64-20552173241312527","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2217\/nmt-2018-0028"},{"key":"bibr65-20552173241312527","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458517720528"},{"key":"bibr66-20552173241312527","volume":"79","author":"Rivera SC","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mult Scler Rel Dis [Internet]"},{"key":"bibr67-20552173241312527","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2021.117437"},{"key":"bibr68-20552173241312527","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2016.11.015"}],"container-title":["Multiple Sclerosis Journal - Experimental, Translational and Clinical"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/20552173241312527","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/20552173241312527","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/20552173241312527","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,2]],"date-time":"2025-03-02T23:32:48Z","timestamp":1740958368000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/20552173241312527"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"references-count":68,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/20552173241312527"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/20552173241312527","relation":{},"ISSN":["2055-2173","2055-2173"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2055-2173","type":"print"},{"value":"2055-2173","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"article-number":"20552173241312527"}}