{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,5]],"date-time":"2026-01-05T22:23:51Z","timestamp":1767651831140,"version":"3.48.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,1]],"date-time":"2025-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743465600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,1]],"date-time":"2025-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743465600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Multiple Sclerosis Journal \u2013 Experimental, Translational and Clinical"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Evidence on neurochemical mechanisms underlying response to apheresis in steroid-refractory Multiple Sclerosis (MS) attacks is limited.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To examine the effect of immunoadsorption (IA) versus plasma exchange (PLEX) on serum immunological parameters [IgG, IgA, IgM, kappa- and lambda-immunoglobulin free light chains (\u03ba-FLC, \u03bb-FLC), CXCL13, CXCL12] and the predictive value of these parameters on response to apheresis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Pre- and postprocedural serum samples of 38 participants (IA: n\u2009=\u200919, PLEX: n\u2009=\u200919) from the IAPEMS trial (NCT02671682), conducted in our tertiary centre, were examined.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Serum immunoglobulins were strongly reduced after both procedures (IgG: IA median \u221296.04%; PLEX median \u221285.98%). \u03ba-FLC levels were reduced after PLEX (median \u221234.74%), not affected by IA. Both procedures caused a decrease in \u03bb-FLC levels. CXCL13 slightly increased after PLEX (median +24.16%), conversely decreased after IA (median \u221221.92%). CXCL12 levels were reduced after IA (median \u221245.69%), but not significantly altered after PLEX. None of the serum parameters evaluated showed predictive value for apheresis response.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>IA and PLEX have a differential effect on serum immunological parameters. IA appears to reduce B-cell derived inflammation more effectively. This finding requires further evaluation and comparative analysis with clinical outcomes, especially in the context of the efficacy of B-cell therapies in treating MS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/20552173251321797","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,15]],"date-time":"2025-04-15T14:35:40Z","timestamp":1744727740000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Plasma Exchange vs. Immunoadsorption: Effects on Immunological Markers and Predictive Value in Steroid-Refractory MS Attacks"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-5443-1142","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ioannis","family":"Vardakas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Johannes","family":"Dorst","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andr\u00e9","family":"Huss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Ulm"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Benjamin","family":"Mayer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Ulm"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pia","family":"Eichele","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal Armed Forces Hospital Ulm"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tanja","family":"Fangerau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9165-4437","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniela","family":"Taranu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hayrettin","family":"Tumani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Makbule","family":"Senel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Ulm"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awac016"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/20552173211015503"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/NXI.0000000000000653"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2010.02.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2012-304333"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000001856"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","unstructured":"Hemmer B et al. 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