{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,6]],"date-time":"2026-01-06T06:17:03Z","timestamp":1767680223340,"version":"3.48.0"},"reference-count":9,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000890","name":"National Multiple Sclerosis Society","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FG\u20101707\u201028624"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FG\u20101707\u201028624"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000890","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000890","name":"National Multiple Sclerosis Society","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JF-1908-34889 (A134719)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JF-1908-34889 (A134719)"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000890","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000098","name":"Clinical Center","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["KL2TR000143"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KL2TR000143"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000098","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Multiple Sclerosis Journal \u2013 Experimental, Translational and Clinical"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) on some disease-modifying therapies (i.e., natalizumab), report a \u201cwearing-off\u201d effect characterized by increased symptoms directly before infusions. Prior research suggests this may reflect natural MS fluctuations rather than true treatment waning; however, this has not been confirmed for anti-CD20 agents (e.g., ocrelizumab). Daily step count (STEPS) can reflect overall function. This study examined temporal associations between anti-CD20 therapy infusions and STEPS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Retrospective analysis evaluated data from two Fitbit-monitored cohorts (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">N<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009145 total, 32 anti-CD20-treated participants) across 60 treatment cycles. Monthly STEPS were recorded directly pre- and three-month post-infusion over the six-month treatment intervals. Mixed-effects models evaluated the relationship between infusion timing, STEPS, and participant demographics, controlling for confounding variables.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      No significant difference in STEPS was observed pre- versus post-infusion (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.32). An average decrease of 3.3% was noted post-infusion but was not statistically significant. No associations between STEPS and participant characteristics (e.g., age, disability level) were identified. Individual variability existed, but no clear group-level trends emerged.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study found no evidence of an association between timing of anti-CD20 infusion and changes in STEPS. Findings highlight the need for integrating objective measures with patient-reported outcomes and biomarkers in future research to better understand potential treatment fluctuations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/20552173251329817","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,25]],"date-time":"2025-03-25T19:54:58Z","timestamp":1742932498000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["No evidence of fluctuations in daily step count between infusions in people with multiple sclerosis treated with anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6199-5484","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Valerie J","family":"Block","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California San Francisco"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kyra","family":"Henderson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California San Francisco"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3203-151X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shane","family":"Poole","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California San Francisco"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gabby B","family":"Joseph","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey M","family":"Gelfand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California San Francisco"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7689-2533","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bruce AC","family":"Cree","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California San Francisco"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2034-8800","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Riley","family":"Bove","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California San Francisco"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000008357"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000008358"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msard.2021.103364"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/20552173241251707"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/CPJ.0000000000200185"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2022.878313","article-title":"The role of remote monitoring in evaluating fatigue in multiple sclerosis: A review. Mini review","volume":"13","author":"Block VJ","year":"2022","unstructured":"Block VJ, Bove R, Nourbakhsh B. The role of remote monitoring in evaluating fatigue in multiple sclerosis: A review. Mini review. Front Neurol 2022; 13. doi:https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fneur.2022.878313. .","journal-title":"Front Neurol"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2018.02.026"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-016-8334-6","article-title":"Continuous daily assessment of multiple sclerosis disability using remote step count monitoring","author":"Block VJ","year":"2017","unstructured":"Block VJ, Liz\u00e9e A, Crabtree-Hartman E, et al. Continuous daily assessment of multiple sclerosis disability using remote step count monitoring. J Neurol 2017: 316\u2013326. doi:https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00415-016-8334-6","journal-title":"J Neurol"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2019.0570"}],"container-title":["Multiple Sclerosis Journal \u2013 Experimental, Translational and Clinical"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/20552173251329817","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/20552173251329817","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/20552173251329817","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,6]],"date-time":"2026-01-06T06:13:13Z","timestamp":1767679993000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/20552173251329817"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"references-count":9,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/20552173251329817"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/20552173251329817","relation":{},"ISSN":["2055-2173","2055-2173"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"2055-2173"},{"type":"electronic","value":"2055-2173"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"article-number":"20552173251329817"}}