{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,6]],"date-time":"2026-01-06T03:37:30Z","timestamp":1767670650607,"version":"3.48.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751328000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751328000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Multiple Sclerosis Journal \u2013 Experimental, Translational and Clinical"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Epilepsy is two to three times more common in patients with multiple sclerosis (pwMS) compared to the general population. Patients with MS and epilepsy without other identifiable causes (MS\u2009+\u2009E) show greater cortical damage than those without epilepsy (MS-E). However, it's unclear whether MS\u2009+\u2009E patients exhibit distinct cognitive and neuropsychological features requiring specific management.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In a cohort of pwMS from three MS centers, MS\u2009+\u2009E patients were identified and data on MS clinical features, epilepsy history, and treatments were collected. A matched group of MS-E patients was included. Assessments included cognitive and neuropsychiatric tests. Cognitive impairment (CI) was defined as scoring \u22651.5 standard deviations below normative values in \u22651 cognitive domain.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>CI was more prevalent in MS\u2009+\u2009E (n\u2009=\u200933) patients than in MS-E (n\u2009=\u200933). MS\u2009+\u2009E patients had lower processing speed (p\u2009&lt;\u20090.01) and visuospatial memory (p\u2009=\u20090.03). MS\u2009+\u2009E was independently associated with CI (odds ratio 3.6, 95% confidence interval 1.21\u201312). Somatization, phobia, anxiety, and depression were the most affected neuropsychological domains in MS\u2009+\u2009E, with global psychological distress negatively correlating with processing speed (rho \u22120.36, p\u2009=\u20090.048).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>MS\u2009+\u2009E is associated with higher CI, particularly in processing speed and visuospatial memory, alongside psychological distress, highlighting the need for targeted multidisciplinary care to improve outcomes and quality of life.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/20552173251359061","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,31]],"date-time":"2025-07-31T08:30:32Z","timestamp":1753950632000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Epilepsy in MS and its association with cognitive and psychological burden"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0556-0176","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Valeria","family":"Pozzilli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9037-7300","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carla","family":"Tortorella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3237-6267","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luca","family":"Prosperini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"D\u2019Apolito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fioravante","family":"Capone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Campus Bio-Medico University"},{"name":"Fondazione 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