{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,25]],"date-time":"2025-08-25T01:40:04Z","timestamp":1756086004021,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751328000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751328000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Multiple Sclerosis Journal \u2013 Experimental, Translational and Clinical"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Fingolimod was approved in 2010 for the treatment of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis, generally as second-line therapy. While its efficacy in reducing the relapse rate is well-recognized, the dermatologic complications of fingolimod remain unexplored. Herein, we aimed to report our experience with multiple sclerosis patients treated with fingolimod who underwent periodic dermatologic examinations.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>A prospective cohort of 323 patients with multiple sclerosis treated with fingolimod were assessed for dermatologic manifestations over 60 months. The neurologic and dermatologic examinations were done biannually to identify and categorize skin-related adverse events.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>\n              Over a mean follow-up of 60 months, of the 323 patients, 32.19% (104 patients) developed skin abnormalities after a mean interval of 25.77\u2009\u00b1\u200924.36 months since fingolimod initiation. The majority of patients (91.34%) were female, with a mean age of 36.40\u2009\u00b1\u20097.45 years and a mean disease duration of 122\u2009\u00b1\u200958.56 months. The most common findings included melanocytic nevus (65.38%) and infectious lesions (11.53%). The severity of skin lesions varied, with most cases manageable with topical treatments. However, ten patients (9.61%) who developed refractory genital human papillomavirus (\n              <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n              \u2009=\u20092), melanocytic nevus (\n              <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n              \u2009=\u20093), dysplastic nevi (\n              <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n              \u2009=\u20093), fibrous papules (\n              <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n              \u2009=\u20091), and molluscum contagiosum (\n              <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n              \u2009=\u20091) had to discontinue their treatment.\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Fingolimod treatment in patients with multiple sclerosis is associated with a range of dermatologic findings, predominantly mild to moderate in severity. This population warrants awareness of these potential adverse events and regular follow-up.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/20552173251369990","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,21]],"date-time":"2025-08-21T07:14:13Z","timestamp":1755760453000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Dermatologic findings after initiation of fingolimod in patients with multiple sclerosis: A real-world experience of five-year follow-up"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Monireh","family":"Samimi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Regenerative Medicine, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran"},{"name":"Arya Group for Treatment and Research for MS and Neurological Disease, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aida","family":"Sajedi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Arya Group for Treatment and Research for MS and Neurological Disease, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7168-9069","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sepideh","family":"Paybast","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Imam Hossein Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nazanin Sadat","family":"Nabavi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Arya Group for Treatment and Research for MS and Neurological Disease, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shahedeh","family":"karimi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Regenerative Medicine, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sepideh","family":"Yazdanbakhsh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Arya Group for Treatment and Research for MS and Neurological Disease, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mehran","family":"Gaffari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Arya Group for Treatment and Research for MS and Neurological Disease, Tehran, Iran"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Imam Hossein Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Abbas","family":"Najafian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Leila","family":"Faghani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Arya Group for Treatment and Research for MS and Neurological Disease, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zahra","family":"Zolfaghari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Basic and Population Based Studies in NCD, Reproductive Epidemiology Research Center, Royan Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5924-4366","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Massoud","family":"Vosough","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Regenerative Medicine, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9814-8083","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Seyed Massood","family":"Nabavi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Regenerative Medicine, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran"},{"name":"Arya Group for Treatment and Research for MS and Neurological Disease, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00115-021-01157-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40263-021-00798-w"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","first-page":"1315","article-title":"Therapeutic decisions in multiple sclerosis: moving beyond efficacy","volume":"70","author":"Bruck W","year":"2013","unstructured":"Bruck W, et al. Therapeutic decisions in multiple sclerosis: moving beyond efficacy. JAMA Neurol 2013; 70: 1315\u20131324.","journal-title":"JAMA Neurol"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ph5050514"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14656566.2017.1373093"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2022.918086"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","unstructured":"FDA. Available from: https:\/\/www.fda.gov.ir\/."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0907839"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0909494"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc1411"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1203475417719043"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0267346"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","first-page":"73","article-title":"Advances in the treatment of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis - critical appraisal of fingolimod","volume":"9","author":"Gasperini C","year":"2013","unstructured":"Gasperini C, et al. Advances in the treatment of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis - critical appraisal of fingolimod. Ther Clin Risk Manag 2013; 9: 73\u201385.","journal-title":"Ther Clin Risk Manag"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archdermatol.2011.212"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205031212311719","DOI":"10.1177\/20503121231171996","article-title":"Narrative review based on fingolimod therapy in pediatric MS","volume":"11","author":"Cinar Piri","year":"2023","unstructured":"Cinar Piri, B., et al., Narrative review based on fingolimod therapy in pediatric MS. SAGE Open Med, 2023. 11: p. 20503121231171996.","journal-title":"SAGE Open Med"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21082950"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Incidence and characteristics of melanoma in multiple sclerosis patients treated with fingolimod: a systematic review","volume":"12","author":"Jiang M","year":"2023","unstructured":"Jiang M, et al. Incidence and characteristics of melanoma in multiple sclerosis patients treated with fingolimod: a systematic review. Curr Dermatol Rep 2023; 12: 1\u201314.","journal-title":"Curr Dermatol Rep"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2016-217885"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0907839"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"LaMontagne K Littlewood-Evans A Schnell C et al. Antagonism of sphingosine-1-phosphate receptors by FTY720 inhibits angiogenesis and tumor vascularization. Cancer Res 2006;66: 221\u2013231.","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-05-2001"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0909494"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","first-page":"96","article-title":"Cutaneous adverse events in RRMS patients treated with fingolimod (4524)","author":"Reis Carneiro D","year":"2021","unstructured":"Reis Carneiro D, Matos A, Correia I, et al. Cutaneous adverse events in RRMS patients treated with fingolimod (4524). Neurology 2021: 96.","journal-title":"Neurology"}],"container-title":["Multiple Sclerosis Journal \u2013 Experimental, Translational and Clinical"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/20552173251369990","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/20552173251369990","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/20552173251369990","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,25]],"date-time":"2025-08-25T01:13:33Z","timestamp":1756084413000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/20552173251369990"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"references-count":22,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/20552173251369990"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/20552173251369990","relation":{},"ISSN":["2055-2173","2055-2173"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"2055-2173"},{"type":"electronic","value":"2055-2173"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"article-number":"20552173251369990"}}