{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T12:15:48Z","timestamp":1790511348419,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759276800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759276800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Multiple Sclerosis Journal \u2013 Experimental, Translational and Clinical"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Current multiple sclerosis management primarily targets symptom alleviation and immune modulation, with limited success in halting progression or achieving sustained remission. Consequently, the development of novel therapeutic strategies targeting the underlying mechanisms of multiple sclerosis (MS) remains a critical area of research.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This study investigated the putative neuroprotective properties of\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Nigella sativa<\/jats:italic>\n                      oil (NSO) in a cuprizone-induced demyelination model in adult male Wistar rats.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Twenty-four adult male Wistar rats were divided into four groups: Group A (Control) received normal mash feed; Group B received 0.2% cuprizone diet; Group C received 5\u2005ml\/kg NSO, while Group D received 0.2% cuprizone diet and 5\u2005ml\/kg NSO. After 35 days, rats were tested for memory and behaviour (Y-maze, Morris water maze, open-field test). Rats were euthanized, brains were excised then examined for myelin integrity, oligodendrocyte loss, and microglial activation using immunohistochemistry (antibodies: myelin basic protein, oligodendrocyte transcription factor, ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule 1).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cuprizone exposure resulted in impaired memory function, reduced exploratory behaviour, and increased anxiety-like behaviours. Treatment with NSO mitigated these behavioural deficits. Additionally, NSO treatment reduced microglial activation and preserved myelin integrity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Nigella sativa<\/jats:italic>\n                      oil ameliorated behavioural alterations, neuroinflammation and demyelination in cuprizone model of MS, suggesting that NSO may have therapeutic potential for MS.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/20552173251405050","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,9]],"date-time":"2025-12-09T16:17:46Z","timestamp":1765297066000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Cortico-hippocampal molecular characterization in rat model of multiple sclerosis: Neuroprotective mechanisms of\n                    <i>Nigella sativa<\/i>\n                    oil"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8532-0553","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rhoda Mama","family":"Kolo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Health Sciences, University of Ilorin"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chijoke Bethel","family":"Ehirim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Health Sciences, University of Ilorin"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Damilola Opeadua","family":"Olabiyi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Health Sciences, University of Ilorin"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isaac Ayobami","family":"Ayobamidele","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Health Sciences, University of Ilorin"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4989-3922","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rukayat","family":"Jaji-Sulaimon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Health Sciences, University of Ilorin"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriel Olaiya","family":"Omotoso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Health Sciences, University of Ilorin"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","first-page":"321","article-title":"Impact of diagnosis and early treatment on the course of multiple sclerosis","volume":"19","author":"Noyes K","year":"2013","unstructured":"Noyes K, Weinstock-Guttman B. 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