{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,26]],"date-time":"2026-01-26T16:48:20Z","timestamp":1769446100058,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006396","name":"Alexion Pharmaceuticals","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["N\/A"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["N\/A"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006396","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Multiple Sclerosis Journal \u2013 Experimental, Translational and Clinical"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>As knowledge is limited about the real-world impact of relapse among patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD), we aimed to assess the impact of relapse(s) on patient disability, clinical outcomes, and patient and caregiver burden in a real-world setting.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To assess how NMOSD relapses impacts patient and caregiver burden.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Data were drawn retrospectively from the Adelphi Real World NMOSD Disease Specific Programme, a cross-sectional survey of neurologists and patients with NMOSD patients in five European countries from January\u2013June 2023. Neurologists reported patients\u2019 demographics, caregiver involvement and clinical outcomes. Analyses were bivariate.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Overall, 99 neurologists provided data for 433 patients. In total, 128 patients had a relapse since their initial attack (1 relapse, 64.1%; 2 relapses, 18.8%;\u2009\u2265\u20093 relapses, 17.2%). Patients who had relapsed once had higher rates of control deficit for bladder (40.2% vs. 25.6%,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p\u2009&lt;\u2009.<\/jats:italic>\n                      001) and bowel (8.5% vs. 5.6%,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p\u2009=\u2009.<\/jats:italic>\n                      042), which increased with additional relapses. Relapsed patients also required more caregiver support (41.4% vs. 31.1%,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p\u2009=\u2009.<\/jats:italic>\n                      048), often their partner (41.4% vs. 31.1%,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p\u2009=\u2009.<\/jats:italic>\n                      046).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>NMOSD relapse occurrence was associated with debilitating symptoms and more caregiver support, highlighting the need for more highly effective interventions to prevent patient and caregiver burden.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/20552173251406973","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,23]],"date-time":"2026-01-23T12:28:39Z","timestamp":1769171319000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The impact of relapse on patient disability, clinical outcomes, and subsequent burdens to patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder and caregivers"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0980-3750","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Saif","family":"Huda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pharmacology and Therapeutics"},{"name":"Walton Centre NHS Foundation Trust"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-0042-5269","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martin","family":"Kleman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Alexion, AstraZeneca Rare Disease, Baar, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2065-2930","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karl-Johan","family":"Myren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AstraZeneca Rare Disease"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mia","family":"Unsworth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-3809-8663","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giorgio","family":"Castellano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Adelphi Real World"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-9236-7879","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Banu Kilic","family":"Taskopru","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Alexion, AstraZeneca Rare Disease, Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6378-0070","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kristie","family":"Fitzmaurice","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Adelphi Real World"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_5_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22168638"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22062801"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.24617"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1904655"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2023.1099376"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-021-02249-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14728222.2020.1732927"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_9_2","article-title":"Update on the diagnosis and treatment of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) - revised recommendations of the Neuromyelitis Optica Study Group (NEMOS). 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