{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,18]],"date-time":"2026-05-18T08:09:00Z","timestamp":1779091740632,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000261","name":"MS Canada","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000261","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100013200","name":"Government of Alberta","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100013200","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006314","name":"Biogen-Idec","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006314","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004337","name":"Roche","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004337","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009408","name":"Brain Canada","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009408","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Multiple Sclerosis Journal \u2013 Experimental, Translational and Clinical"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cognitive impairment (CI) is a common feature of multiple sclerosis (MS). Radiologically isolated syndrome (RIS) can demonstrate CI patterns similar to MS, providing an opportunity to explore the associations between CI and early stage disease pathology.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To investigate myelin damage in RIS normal appearing white matter (NAWM) using the myelin heterogeneity index (MHI) and to determine the relationship between MHI and processing speed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 28 people with RIS and 22 controls completed an MRI, including multi-component T\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      mapping to calculate MHI for whole brain (WB), corpus callosum (CC), superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF), and cingulum (CING) NAWM. The RIS cohort additionally completed the Processing Speed Test (PST), a measure of processing speed.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      CC NAWM MHI was higher in RIS versus controls (indicative of myelin damage,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.0140), with similar trends seen in WB, SLF, and CING (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&gt;\u20090.05). A moderate correlation was found between CING NAWM MHI and PST scores (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">\u03c1<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009\u20130.39,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.040), with similar trends seen in WB, CC, and SLF (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&gt;\u20090.05).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Diffuse myelin damage was detected in RIS NAWM, along with associations between increased damage and slower processing speed, suggesting a potential pathological mechanism for RIS-related CI.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/20552173261446217","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]],"date-time":"2026-05-15T12:50:33Z","timestamp":1778849433000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Myelin damage in radiologically isolated syndrome is associated with decreased processing speed"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8611-8808","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Olivia","family":"Kalau","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4153-428X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Poljanka","family":"Johnson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of British Columbia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jiwon","family":"Oh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"St Michael's Hospital"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alexandre","family":"Prat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosciences, Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al and Centre hospitalier de l\u2019Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al, Montreal, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9286-0953","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Irene M","family":"Vavasour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of British Columbia"},{"name":"University of British Columbia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9785-6918","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cornelia","family":"Laule","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of British Columbia"},{"name":"University of British Columbia"},{"name":"University of British Columbia"},{"name":"University of British Columbia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Roger","family":"Tam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of British Columbia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Connor","family":"Keane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of British Columbia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7522-6440","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sarah A","family":"Morrow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Neurological Sciences, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey","family":"Wilken","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, USA"},{"name":"Washington Neuropsychology Research Group LLC, Fairfax, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alice","family":"Schabas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of British Columbia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Larry D","family":"Lynd","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of British Columbia"},{"name":"Centre for Advancing Health Outcomes, Providence Health Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Scott B","family":"Patten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alan H","family":"Wilman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and Diagnostic Imaging, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yunyan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology &amp; 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