{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,8]],"date-time":"2026-06-08T23:02:52Z","timestamp":1780959772058,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Multiple Sclerosis Journal \u2013 Experimental, Translational and Clinical"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cognitive impairment in multiple sclerosis (MS) is related to abnormal structural and functional brain network changes. As both modalities have mostly been studied separately, structure connectivity-function coupling (SC-FC) may elucidate how function is constrained by structure.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We examine how changes in SC-FC and its dynamics SC-FC (dSC-FC) may underlie MS-related cognitive impairment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We classified 266 people with MS (PwMS) as cognitively impaired (CI;\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">z<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u2009\u22122 on \u22652\/7 cognitive abilities compared to healthy controls [HC]) or preserved (CP;\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">z<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&gt;\u2009\u22121.5 on \u22652\/7 abilities). Derived from diffusion-weighted and functional magnetic resonance imaging, SC-FC reflected the correlation coefficient between structural and functional connectivity, while dSC-FC reflected its variability. Whole-brain, within-network, and between-network (d)SC-FC were compared between 95 HC, 197 CP, and 69 CI.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Compared to CP and HC, CI showed higher SC-FC for connections extending from the dorsal attention (DAN;\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009\u2264\u20090.006) and somatomotor networks (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009\u2264\u20090.024), and higher dSC-FC within the visual network (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009\u2264\u20090.003) and deep grey matter (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009\u2264\u20090.006). SC-FC in connections extending from the DAN predicted CP\/CI status in PwMS (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.069, OR\u2009=\u20091.072 [95% CI\u2009=\u20091.009\u20131.139],\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.025).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In MS-related CI, deterioration of structural pathways is paired with loss of functional strength in connections extending from the DAN. This may hinder DAN-mediated stimulus selection, possibly contributing to CI.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/20552173261448282","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,6]],"date-time":"2026-06-06T03:21:47Z","timestamp":1780716107000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The constrained brain in multiple sclerosis: Cognitive impairment is related to network-specific coupling of structural and functional connectivity"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5582-5411","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marloes DA","family":"Bet","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Amsterdam Neuroscience"},{"name":"Amsterdam UMC location VUmc"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4639-5138","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maureen","family":"van Dam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Amsterdam Neuroscience"},{"name":"Amsterdam UMC location VUmc"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2884-2827","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tommy AA","family":"Broeders","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Amsterdam Neuroscience"},{"name":"Amsterdam UMC location VUmc"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0020-8739","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aur\u00e9lie","family":"Ruet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurocentre Magendie, Universit\u00e9 de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France; Service de neurologie CHU de Bordeaux, Universit\u00e9 de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3543-3706","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Frederik","family":"Barkhof","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Amsterdam Neuroscience"},{"name":"Amsterdam UMC location VUmc"},{"name":"University College London"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6705-5864","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eva MM","family":"Strijbis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Amsterdam Neuroscience"},{"name":"Amsterdam UMC location VUmc"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linda","family":"Douw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Amsterdam Neuroscience"},{"name":"Amsterdam Neuroscience"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ismail","family":"Koubiyr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Amsterdam Neuroscience"},{"name":"Amsterdam UMC location VUmc"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5039-1359","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hanneke E","family":"Hulst","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health, Medical and Neuropsychology Unit, and Leiden Institute of Brain and Cognition (LIBC), Leiden University, Institute of Psychology, Leiden, the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2504-6959","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Menno M","family":"Schoonheim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Amsterdam Neuroscience"},{"name":"Amsterdam UMC location VUmc"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(20)30277-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-023-11778-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/2024.07.04.602076"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458520987798"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-25184-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awz270"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458520971807"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00338.2011"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41583-021-00474-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.31887\/DCNS.2018.20.2\/smarek"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2023.1250096"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhab156"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2019182623"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","first-page":"20220602","article-title":"Time-resolved structure-function coupling in brain networks","volume":"5","author":"Liu ZQ","year":"2022","unstructured":"Liu ZQ, Vazquez-Rodriguez B, Spreng RN, et al. 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