{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T07:29:36Z","timestamp":1790839776371,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,1]],"date-time":"2023-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1685577600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000200","name":"United States Agency for International Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["APC-GM-0068, SPANS-037, APC-GM-0107, and FY19-A01-"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["APC-GM-0068, SPANS-037, APC-GM-0107, and FY19-A01-"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000200","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Improving Health and Function Through Use of Performance Standards in Wheelchair Selection","award":["90REGE0001-02-00"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["90REGE0001-02-00"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000065","name":"National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["R25NS083064"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R25NS083064"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000065","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Rehabilitation and Assistive Technologies Engineering"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Clinical practice guidelines for preservation of upper extremity recommend minimizing wheelchair propulsion forces. Our ability to make quantitative recommendations about the effects of wheelchair configuration changes is limited by system-level tests to measure rolling resistance (RR). We developed a method that directly measures caster and propulsion wheel RR at a component-level. The study purpose is to assess accuracy and consistency of component-level estimates of system-level RR.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The RR of N = 144 simulated unique wheelchair-user systems were estimated using our novel component-level method and compared to system-level RR measured by treadmill drag tests, representing combinations of caster types\/diameters, rear wheel types\/diameters, loads, and front-rear load distributions. Accuracy was assessed by Bland-Altman limits of agreement (LOA) and consistency by intraclass correlation (ICC).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Overall ICC was 0.94, 95% CI [0.91\u20130.95]. Component-level estimates were systematically lower than system-level (\u22121.1\u00a0N), with LOA +\/\u22121.3\u00a0N. RR force differences between methods were constant over the range of test conditions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Component-level estimates of wheelchair-user system RR are accurate and consistent when compared to a system-level test method, evidenced by small absolute LOA and high ICC. Combined with a prior study on precision, this study helps to establish validity for this RR test method.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/20556683231180877","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,2]],"date-time":"2023-06-02T11:38:39Z","timestamp":1685705919000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["A novel approach to directly measuring wheel and caster rolling resistance accurately predicts user-wheelchair system-level rolling resistance"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1940-4916","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Holly","family":"Wilson-Jene","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Rehabilitation Science and Technology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA"},{"name":"International Society of Wheelchair Professionals, Pittsburgh, PA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3320-0653","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rachel E","family":"Cowan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0830-9136","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jonathan","family":"Pearlman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rehabilitation Science and Technology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA"},{"name":"International Society of Wheelchair Professionals, Pittsburgh, PA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-20556683231180877","volume-title":"Facts and figures at a glance","author":"National Spinal Cord Injury Statistical 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