{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T23:45:55Z","timestamp":1783122355950,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,1]],"date-time":"2019-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1546300800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Syphilis is a sexually acquired chronic infection caused by Treponema pallidum and is characterized by a variety of clinical manifestations. The secondary stage of the disease results from the hematogenous and lymphatic dissemination of treponemes after a few weeks or months, and it is characterized by recurrent activity of the disease, with muco-cutaneous as well as systemic manifestations. Mucosal lesions range from small, superficial ulcers that resemble painless aphthae to large gray plaques, and they are generally associated with systemic manifestations of the disease. The exclusive asymptomatic oral localization not associated with general manifestations is uncommon but may actually be unrecognized and under-reported. We report a case of isolated oral manifestation as the unique presentation of secondary syphilis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/2058738419845566","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,25]],"date-time":"2019-04-25T06:54:10Z","timestamp":1556175250000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Beyond appearance: An unusual manifestation of isolated oral secondary syphilis"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Elena","family":"Mari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Dermatology, IDI-IRCCS-FLMM, Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maurizio","family":"Nudo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Dermatology, IDI-IRCCS-FLMM, Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Enzo","family":"Palese","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Dermatology, IDI-IRCCS-FLMM, Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luisa","family":"Cotticelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillo Facial Sciences, University of Rome \u201cLa Sapienza,\u201d Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ciro","family":"Cotticelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillo Facial Sciences, University of Rome \u201cLa Sapienza,\u201d Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Grazia","family":"Zino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Dermatology, IDI-IRCCS-FLMM, Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rosa","family":"Coppola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Unit, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Federica Maria","family":"Di Lella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania \u201cLuigi Vanvitelli,\u201d Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriele","family":"Arcari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, University of Rome \u201cLa Sapienza,\u201d Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Donatella Maria","family":"Rodio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, University of Rome \u201cLa Sapienza,\u201d Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carla","family":"Prezioso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, University of Rome \u201cLa Sapienza,\u201d Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5723-8886","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Valeria","family":"Pietropaolo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, University of Rome \u201cLa Sapienza,\u201d Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valeria","family":"Devirgiliis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Unit, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vincenzo","family":"Panasiti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Unit, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, Rome, 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