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Immune cells, such as T cells and macrophages, play a critical role in the periodontitis onset. Halofuginone, a natural quinazolinone alkaloid, has been shown to possess anti-fibrosis, anti-cancer, and immunomodulatory properties. However, the effect of halofuginone on periodontitis has never been reported. In this study, a ligature-induced mice model of periodontitis was applied to investigate the potential beneficial effect of halofuginone on periodontitis. We demonstrated that the administration of halofuginone significantly reduced the expression levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1\u03b2, IL-6, and TNF-\u03b1) in vivo, and markedly suppressed immune cell infiltration into the infected sites. Furthermore, we also observed that halofuginone treatment blocked the T-helper 17 (Th17) cell differentiation in vivo and in vitro. We demonstrated for the first time that halofuginone alleviated the onset of periodontitis through reducing immune responses.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/2058738420974893","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,1]],"date-time":"2020-12-01T15:49:09Z","timestamp":1606837749000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Halofuginone functions as a therapeutic drug for chronic periodontitis in a mouse model"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"34","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7459-1179","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jiang","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of General Dentistry & Emergency, the Hospital of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, 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