{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T08:46:54Z","timestamp":1782982014556,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Scars, Burns &amp; Healing"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and Aim<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Numerous reconstructive options are used to address post-burn scar contractures, including skin grafting, geometric relaxation techniques, local flaps, and free flaps. This study aimed to evaluate the functional and cosmetic outcomes of a combined rhomboid flap and double Z-plasty technique for wide and long post-burn contractures crossing joints in various body parts.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Material and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This prospective case series involved 100 patients with post-burn scar contractures in different body areas who underwent surgery using rhomboid flap and double Z-plasty at Al-Wasity Teaching Hospital between January 2020 and July 2024. Patient data, including age, sex, duration of contracture, preoperative and postoperative contracture band length, and improvement in joint range of motion, were recorded.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Of the 100 patients included in this study, 98 experienced a significant increase in their joint range of motion and achieved full movement after release using our technique. There were no major flap losses or necrosis, although three patients experienced partial superficial epidermal sloughing, which did not affect the overall results. Only two patients had less than full-range shoulder abduction.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The rhomboid flap combined with double Z-plasty is a reliable technique that serves as a valuable option in the reconstructive surgeon's armamentarium for managing wide and long chronic post-burn contractures over joints. This treatment offers the advantages of effective lengthening, excellent postoperative function, and acceptable cosmetic outcomes, while requiring less postoperative splinting and resulting in a low observed incidence of contracture recurrence during short-term follow-up in this series.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/20595131261462299","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,29]],"date-time":"2026-06-29T13:34:18Z","timestamp":1782740058000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Evaluation of role of rhomboid flap and double Z-plasty in post-burn contractures: A prospective case series in Iraq"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-1802-7811","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammed Alaa","family":"Jameel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Royal Blackburn Teaching Hospital, East Lancashire Hospitals NHS Trust, Blackburn, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-8965-7341","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wameth Alaa","family":"Jamel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic Surgery, Al-Wasity Teaching Hospital, Baghdad Al-Russafa Health Directorate, Baghdad, Iraq"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-7213-9236","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Riyam Amer Hammood","family":"Alkhuzaie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emergency Department, Baghdad Medical City, Baghdad, Iraq"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-8521-8204","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Noor Saleh","family":"Hady","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic Surgery, Al-Wasity Teaching Hospital, Baghdad Al-Russafa Health Directorate, Baghdad, Iraq"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5429-0793","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alaa Jameel","family":"Hasan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Thi-Qar University, College of Medicine, Nasiriyah, Thi-Qar Governorate, Iraq"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.113.2.362"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","first-page":"276","article-title":"Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) following burn injuries: a comprehensive clinical review","volume":"33","author":"Lodha P","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lodha P, Shah B, Karia S, et al. Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) following burn injuries: a comprehensive clinical review. Ann Burns Fire Disasters 2020; 33: 276.","journal-title":"Ann Burns Fire Disasters"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/2000656X.2020.1856670"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.17656\/jsmc.10289"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.burns.2004.03.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.burns.2006.01.015"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/SAP.0000000000003970"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.burns.2014.07.017"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-024-05818-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","first-page":"149","article-title":"Epidemiology e-book","author":"Gordis L","unstructured":"Gordis L. Epidemiology e-book. Elsevier Health Sci 2013: 149\u2013178.","journal-title":"Elsevier Health Sci"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1983.03330370053031"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","volume-title":"Global reconstructive surgery","author":"Chang J","year":"2019","unstructured":"Chang J. Global reconstructive surgery. 1st ed. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 2019, pp.263\u2013265.","edition":"1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0971-653X.111776"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2013.01.027"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.burns.2011.08.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","first-page":"285","article-title":"Role of square flap in post burn axillary contractures","volume":"6","author":"Karki D","year":"2017","unstructured":"Karki D, Narayan RP. Role of square flap in post burn axillary contractures. World J Plast Surg 2017; 6: 285.","journal-title":"World J Plast Surg"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","article-title":"Three-dimensional reconstruction of scar contracture-bearing axilla and digital webs using the square flap method","volume":"2","author":"Huang C","year":"2014","unstructured":"Huang C, Ogawa R. Three-dimensional reconstruction of scar contracture-bearing axilla and digital webs using the square flap method. Plast Reconstr Surg\u2013Global Open 2014; 2: e149.","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg\u2013Global Open"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00266-015-0548-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0007-1226(91)90179-N"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.burns.2005.10.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.burns.2004.03.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2010\/982623"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","first-page":"1","volume-title":"StatPearls","author":"Zito PM","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zito PM, Jawad BA, Hohman MH, et al. Z-Plasty. In: StatPearls. Treasure Island, FL: StatPearls Publishing, 2023, pp.1\u201311."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_2","first-page":"39","article-title":"Microsurgery in the burn population\u2013a review of the literature","volume":"28","author":"Ibrahim AE","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ibrahim AE, Skoracki R, Goverman JG, et al. Microsurgery in the burn population\u2013a review of the literature. Ann Burns Fire Disasters 2015; 28: 39.","journal-title":"Ann Burns Fire Disasters"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fsurg.2023.1118810"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_2","article-title":"Free flap failure and contracture recurrence in delayed burn reconstruction: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"12","author":"Liu HY","year":"2024","unstructured":"Liu HY, Alessandri-Bonetti M, Kasmirski JA, et al. Free flap failure and contracture recurrence in delayed burn reconstruction: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Plast Reconstr Surg\u2013Global Open 2024; 12: e6026.","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg\u2013Global Open"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_28_2","first-page":"15","article-title":"Reconstruction of chronic postburn contractures in different body sites by the use of rhomboid and double Z-plasty flaps","volume":"2","author":"Alameri A","year":"2018","unstructured":"Alameri A, Arajy ZY. Reconstruction of chronic postburn contractures in different body sites by the use of rhomboid and double Z-plasty flaps. Inter J Dent Med Sci Res 2018; 2: 15\u201320.","journal-title":"Inter J Dent Med Sci Res"}],"container-title":["Scars, Burns &amp; Healing"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/20595131261462299","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/20595131261462299","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/20595131261462299","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T08:18:41Z","timestamp":1782980321000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/20595131261462299"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"references-count":27,"alternative-id":["10.1177\/20595131261462299"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/20595131261462299","relation":{},"ISSN":["2059-5131","2059-5131"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2059-5131","type":"print"},{"value":"2059-5131","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"article-number":"20595131261462299"}}