{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T01:44:10Z","timestamp":1777859050883,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,1]],"date-time":"2023-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672531200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Prim Care Community Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction\/Objectives:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recognizes routine vaccination, sufficient sleep, and adequate physical activity as behavioral approaches to reduce the incidence of influenza. We aimed to determine the joint national prevalence of these health behaviors among U.S. adults, which has not been reported.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We used the 2020 National Health Interview Survey to assess prevalence of receiving influenza vaccination in the past 12\u2009months, obtaining sufficient sleep, and achieving adequate physical activity among U.S. adults (n\u2009=\u200930,312). We calculated the joint prevalence overall and by sociodemographic and health-related variables.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results and Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The overall joint prevalence was 8.5% (95% CI, 8.0-9.0). Prevalence was lower among older persons (vs younger); Hispanic and non-Hispanic Black persons (vs non-Hispanic White); current and former smokers (vs never smokers); postpartum women (vs neither pregnant nor postpartum); and those with a history of coronary heart disease, hypertension, stroke, diabetes, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (vs not having those respective condition). In addition to recommending annual vaccination, primary care providers might encourage sufficient sleep and adequate physical activity\u2014especially among patients who have increased risk for influenza complications and are less likely to achieve these behaviors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/21501319231191681","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,12]],"date-time":"2023-08-12T01:42:15Z","timestamp":1691804535000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Joint Prevalence of Influenza Preventive Behaviors Among Adults\u2014United States, 2020"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2099-2671","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bryant J.","family":"Webber","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anne G.","family":"Wheaton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peng-jun","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Geoffrey P.","family":"Whitfield","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-21501319231191681","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Disease burden of flu. March 2, 2023. Updated October 4, 2022. Accessed March 2, 2023. https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/flu\/about\/burden\/index.html"},{"key":"bibr2-21501319231191681","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2018.05.057"},{"key":"bibr3-21501319231191681","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Healthy habits to help protect against flu. Updated August 26, 2021. Accessed January 12, 2023. https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/flu\/prevent\/actions-prevent-flu.htm"},{"key":"bibr4-21501319231191681","unstructured":"National Center for Health Statistics. NHIS data, questionnaires and related documentation. Updated February 8, 2022. Accessed June 5, 2022. https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/nchs\/nhis\/data-questionnaires-documentation.htm"},{"key":"bibr5-21501319231191681","unstructured":"National Center for Health Statistics. 2020 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) survey description. March 27, 2023. Updated September 2021. Accessed March 27, 2023. https:\/\/ftp.cdc.gov\/pub\/Health_Statistics\/NCHS\/Dataset_Documentation\/NHIS\/2020\/srvydesc-508.pdf"},{"key":"bibr6-21501319231191681","volume-title":"Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans","author":"US Department of Health and Human Services","year":"2018","edition":"2"},{"key":"bibr7-21501319231191681","unstructured":"National Center for Health Statistics. 2020 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) Sample Adult Interview Codebook. March 3, 2023. Updated September 2, 2022. Accessed March 3, 2023. https:\/\/ftp.cdc.gov\/pub\/Health_Statistics\/NCHS\/Dataset_Documentation\/NHIS\/2020\/adult-codebook.pdf"},{"key":"bibr8-21501319231191681","unstructured":"Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. Healthy People 2030: objectives and data. March 3, 2023. Accessed March 3, 2023. https:\/\/health.gov\/healthypeople\/objectives-and-data"},{"key":"bibr9-21501319231191681","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.m2031"},{"key":"bibr10-21501319231191681","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2022-106644"},{"key":"bibr11-21501319231191681","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2021-104203"},{"issue":"175","key":"bibr12-21501319231191681","first-page":"1","author":"Parker JD","year":"2017","journal-title":"Vital Health Stat 2"},{"key":"bibr13-21501319231191681","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140-6736(07)61602-x"},{"key":"bibr14-21501319231191681","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.ss7003a1"},{"key":"bibr15-21501319231191681","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm7110a6"},{"issue":"443","key":"bibr16-21501319231191681","first-page":"1","author":"Elgaddal N","year":"2022","journal-title":"NCHS Data Brief"},{"key":"bibr17-21501319231191681","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. People at higher risk of flu complications. Updated September 6, 2022. Accessed March 10, 2023. https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/flu\/highrisk\/index.htm"},{"key":"bibr18-21501319231191681","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2021-058169"},{"key":"bibr19-21501319231191681","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2022.10.038"},{"key":"bibr20-21501319231191681","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Global status report on physical activity 2022. Accessed July 7, 2023. https:\/\/apps.who.int\/iris\/rest\/bitstreams\/1473751\/retrieve."},{"key":"bibr21-21501319231191681","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.rr7101a1"},{"key":"bibr22-21501319231191681","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11606-019-05164-7"},{"key":"bibr23-21501319231191681","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003941.pub3"},{"key":"bibr24-21501319231191681","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD005188.pub4"},{"key":"bibr25-21501319231191681","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2016.05.005"},{"key":"bibr26-21501319231191681","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pcad.2023.02.002"},{"key":"bibr27-21501319231191681","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0235968"},{"key":"bibr28-21501319231191681","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11325-002-0103-3"},{"key":"bibr29-21501319231191681","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1123\/jpah.2013-0273"},{"key":"bibr30-21501319231191681","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17124358"}],"container-title":["Journal of Primary Care &amp; Community Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/21501319231191681","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/21501319231191681","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/21501319231191681","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T00:24:10Z","timestamp":1777508650000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/21501319231191681"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]},"references-count":30,"alternative-id":["10.1177\/21501319231191681"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/21501319231191681","relation":{},"ISSN":["2150-1319","2150-1327"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2150-1319","type":"print"},{"value":"2150-1327","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]},"article-number":"21501319231191681"}}