{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T01:43:06Z","timestamp":1777858986840,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,2]],"date-time":"2025-04-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743552000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,2]],"date-time":"2025-04-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743552000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"Central Michigan College of Medicine Summer Research Scholar"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Prim Care Community Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The increasing prevalence of opioid use coupled with the emergence of the Coronavirus Disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic impacted opioid overdoses and death rates. People with opioid use disorder (OUD) are particularly vulnerable to the pandemic\u2019s consequences. Although Medications for Opioid Use Disorder (MOUD) are the most well supported treatment for OUD, they remain underutilized by clinicians, particularly in the primary care setting, emphasizing the importance of examining factors that impact prescribing.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To assess clinicians\u2019 prescribing practices for MOUD and assess the pandemic\u2019s effect on MOUD prescription. To determine whether there is an association between patient-specific factors, such as mental health diagnoses and substance use disorder (SUD), and MOUD prescription practices prior to and during the COVID-19 pandemic.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A retrospective chart review assessed 500 patient charts with a diagnosis of OUD to assess demographics, MOUD prescribing, substance use, and co-morbid mental health conditions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>312 charts met inclusion criteria. There was no significant difference in the percentage of new MOUD prescriptions among the selected cohort between the 2 selected timeframes, nor was there a significant difference in the prescriber\/setting of new prescriptions. Cumulative analysis revealed that greater than 2\/3 of the selected patients had concurrent mental health diagnoses. Greater than 50% of patients reported active non-opioid substance use. The odds of having a co-occurring SUD were significantly higher among patients treated in the emergency department and various treatment settings\u2014including urgent care and non-primary care clinics\u2014as compared to the primary care outpatient setting.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Strong evidence supports the efficacy of using MOUD in primary care, yet it is underutilized in the mid-Michigan region. Overall prevalence of mental health diagnoses, SUD, MOUD prescriber practices were similar prior to and during the COVID-19 pandemic. There was a high occurrence of co-occurring SUD especially among patients treated outside of the primary care setting. Future initiatives to increase clinician education around MOUD and address patient barriers to treatment are warranted.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/21501319251331322","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,3]],"date-time":"2025-04-03T08:58:15Z","timestamp":1743670695000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["The Effect of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Prescribing Medications for Opioid Use Disorder in the Mid-Michigan Region"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1498-6240","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nooshin C.","family":"Beygui","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Central Michigan University College of Medicine, Mt. Pleasant, MI, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-2092-4796","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Erin","family":"Duross","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Central Michigan University College of Medicine, Mt. Pleasant, MI, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0273-8135","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chin-I","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Central Michigan University College of Science and Technology, Mt. Pleasant, MI, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-3330-0489","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katherine","family":"Mesaros","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Central Michigan University College of Medicine, Mt. Pleasant, MI, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4278-1381","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karissa","family":"Gawronski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Central Michigan University College of Medicine, Mt. Pleasant, MI, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9739-8881","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juliette","family":"Perzhinsky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Central Michigan University College of Medicine, Mt. Pleasant, MI, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","unstructured":"CDC. Understanding the Opioid Overdose Epidemic | Opioids | CDC. 2023. Accessed March 21 2024. https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/opioids\/basics\/epidemic.html"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_2","unstructured":"CDC. 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