{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T00:54:16Z","timestamp":1790297656980,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,24]],"date-time":"2025-06-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1750723200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,24]],"date-time":"2025-06-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1750723200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"University of Iowa College of Dentistry Student Research Program"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Prim Care Community Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"abstract":"\n Introduction:<\/jats:title>\n Despite strong evidence supporting the benefits of water fluoridation in preventing dental caries, limited research exists on U.S. adults\u2019 knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors regarding fluoride and tap water intake. This study examined the knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors regarding fluoride and tap water intake of Green Hill, Alabama adults.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods:<\/jats:title>\n A convenience sample of 291 adults was surveyed concerning their knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors about fluoride in water and toothpaste, and water consumption preferences.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results:<\/jats:title>\n There was a high level of knowledge about fluoride\u2019s role in cavity prevention, with 92.4% correctly identifying its benefits. However, 18.3% were unaware that fluoride does not help maintain healthy gums. Regarding attitudes, 14.5% strongly agreed and 28.3% agreed that fluoride in drinking water was beneficial, while 29.1% strongly supported and 53.5% supported its inclusion in toothpaste. A preference for bottled water over tap water was noted by 84.4% of participants, with 36.9% citing distrust of tap water quality as a primary reason. Bivariate analysis found a positive perception of fluoride in tap water correlated with better knowledge, while education level and fluoride awareness influenced attitudes.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n Additional research is necessary to explore reasons underlying adults\u2019 water consumption habits and fluoride perceptions.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/21501319251350921","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,24]],"date-time":"2025-06-24T16:17:15Z","timestamp":1750781835000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Fluoride Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behaviors: Adults in Rural Alabama"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-0422-7117","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alex","family":"Harper","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Iowa College of Dentistry, IA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steven M.","family":"Levy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Iowa College of Dentistry, IA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Iowa College of Dentistry, IA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2015.10.014"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-021-01598-w"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14219\/jada.archive.2013.0057"},{"issue":"8","key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","article-title":"NTP monograph on the state of the science concerning fluoride exposure and neurodevelopment and cognition: a systematic review","author":"National Toxicology Program","year":"2024","unstructured":"National Toxicology Program. NTP monograph on the state of the science concerning fluoride exposure and neurodevelopment and cognition: a systematic review. NTP Monogr. 2024;(8):NTPMGRAPH-8.","journal-title":"NTP Monogr"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2024.5542"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","unstructured":"Food and Water Watch Inc et al. Plaintiffs v United States Environmental Protection Agency et al. Defendants. Case No. 17-cv-02162-EMC findings of fact and conclusions of law. Document 445 filed September 24 2024."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","unstructured":"Schoenbaum H Stobbe M. RFK Jr. to Tell CDC to Stop Recommending Fluoride in Drinking Water. Associated Press. Accessed April 20 2025. https:\/\/apnews.com\/article\/fluoride-cdc-epa-6f4dbc64b5dc511f712a82cd2d252d76"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","unstructured":"U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. EPA will expeditiously review new science on fluoride in drinking water. Accessed April 20 2025. https:\/\/www.epa.gov\/newsreleases\/epa-will-expeditiously-review-new-science-fluoride-drinking-water"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2024.5539"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/jfmpc.jfmpc_192_18"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/jehp.jehp_17_17"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1834-7819.1999.tb00229.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/nxac017"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0040-1716583"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3290\/j.ohpd.a43357"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5005\/jp-journals-10005-2438"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/IJGM.S378194"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/6779165"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2380084419887696"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2015.302565"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12939-025-02451-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","unstructured":"Edwards E Kane J McLaughlin E. Medical freedom vs. public health: Should fluoride be in our drinking water? NBC News. Accessed April 20 2025. https:\/\/www.nbcnews.com\/health\/health-news\/fluoride-safe-drinking-water-cities-ban-rcna143605"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2024.5549"}],"container-title":["Journal of Primary Care & Community Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/21501319251350921","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/21501319251350921","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/21501319251350921","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T00:23:18Z","timestamp":1777508598000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/21501319251350921"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,24]]},"references-count":23,"alternative-id":["10.1177\/21501319251350921"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/21501319251350921","relation":{},"ISSN":["2150-1319","2150-1327"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2150-1319","type":"print"},{"value":"2150-1327","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,24]]},"article-number":"21501319251350921"}}