{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T01:43:50Z","timestamp":1777859030287,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Prim Care Community Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Chronic musculoskeletal pain is a major health issue worldwide, characterized by a significant disease burden that leads to disability and reduced quality of life. Its prevalence is increasing, particularly among the aging population. Research is needed to provide effective, individualized, and theory-based eHealth self-management interventions to improve clinical outcomes, and access to care. There is a lack of consensus in the literature on the concept of eHealth self-management support for chronic musculoskeletal pain.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The aim of this study is to conduct a concept analysis of eHealth self-management support for chronic pain within the framework of the Social Cognitive Theory.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our study was guided by Mckenna\u2019s 9-step process for concept analysis as a framework: (1) Select the concept; (2) Determine the purpose of the analysis; (3) Identify the uses; (4) Determine attributes; (5) Identify a \u2018model case\u2019; (6) Identify alternative cases; (7) Identify antecedents and consequences; (8) Consider context and values; and (9) Identify empirical indicators. We searched the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Ovid MEDLINE, Web of Science, and other sources between 2000 and 2025. Studies were included if they met the predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 12 studies were included to define the main attributes, antecedents, and consequences. The attributes were: (1) Person-centered, accessible, personal, and facilitated behavioral change; (2) Web-based multidisciplinary education, modeling, and vicarious learning; (3) Web-based goal setting, activity planning, self-monitoring, and automated personalized feedback for motivational enhancement; and (4) Web-based social support and communication with healthcare providers.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study has delineated the concept of eHealth self-management support for chronic pain and provided a foundation for future research.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/21501319251415124","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]],"date-time":"2026-02-13T00:49:03Z","timestamp":1770943743000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Delineating the Concept of eHealth Self-Management for Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain: A Concept Analysis in the Context of the Social Cognitive Theory"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4523-9563","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lina","family":"Elsabbagh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Queen\u2019s University, Kingston, ON, Canada"},{"name":"Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Dhahran, Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kevin","family":"Woo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Queen\u2019s University, Kingston, ON, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","volume-title":"Musculoskeletal Health","author":"WHO","year":"2022","unstructured":"WHO. Musculoskeletal Health. 2022. WHO."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","first-page":"226","article-title":"Classification of chronic pain: descriptions of chronic pain syndromes and definitions of pain terms","volume":"3","author":"Merskey H","year":"1986","unstructured":"Merskey H. Classification of chronic pain: descriptions of chronic pain syndromes and definitions of pain terms. Pain. 1986;3:226-226.","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000000160"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0738-3991(02)00032-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","volume-title":"The 1st Annual Crossing the Quality Chasm Summit: A Focus on Communities","author":"Institute of Medicine Committee on the Crossing the Quality Chasm","year":"2004","unstructured":"Institute of Medicine Committee on the Crossing the Quality Chasm. Chapter 5, Patient self-management support. In: Adams K, Greiner AC, Corrigan JM, eds. The 1st Annual Crossing the Quality Chasm Summit: A Focus on Communities. National Academies Press (US); 2004: 57."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","volume-title":"An Action Plan for Pain in Canada","author":"Campbell F","year":"2021","unstructured":"Campbell F, Hudspith M, Choini\u00e8re M, et al. An Action Plan for Pain in Canada. Health Canada; 2021."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","unstructured":"Government of Canada. eHealth. 2010. Accessed November 20 2022. https:\/\/www.canada.ca\/en\/health-canada\/services\/health-care-system\/ehealth.html"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph19031360"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","volume-title":"Social Learning Theory","author":"Bandura A","year":"1977","unstructured":"Bandura A, Walters RH. Social Learning Theory. Englewood cliffs Prentice Hall; 1977."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/17148"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.psych.52.1.1"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-023-16194-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13142-011-0021-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/08870449808407422"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-295X.84.2.191"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0749-5978(91)90022-L"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0003-066X.33.4.344"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4419-1698-3_484"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0005-7894(70)80030-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1745691618804187"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","volume-title":"Cognitive Behavior Therapy","author":"Beck J","year":"2021","unstructured":"Beck J. Cognitive Behavior Therapy. Guilford Press; 2021."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/pzab307"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/acm.0000000000003075"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_2","article-title":"eHealth: a concept analysis from a nursing perspective","volume":"9","author":"Reed J","year":"2014","unstructured":"Reed J. eHealth: a concept analysis from a nursing perspective. Can J Nurs Informatics. 2014;9.","journal-title":"Can J Nurs Informatics"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.outlook.2014.07.005"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2018-027775"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_28_2","volume-title":"Fundamentals of Nursing Models, Theories and Practice","author":"McKenna H","year":"2014","unstructured":"McKenna H, Pajinkihar M, Murphy F. Fundamentals of Nursing Models, Theories and Practice. PublisherJohn Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2014."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_29_2","volume-title":"Nursing Theories and Models","author":"McKenna H","year":"1997","unstructured":"McKenna H. Nursing Theories and Models. 1st ed. Routledge; 1997.","edition":"1"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_30_2","volume-title":"Strategies for Theory Construction in Nursing","author":"Walker LO","year":"2019","unstructured":"Walker LO, Avant KC. Strategies for Theory Construction in Nursing. 6th ed. Pearson; 2019.","edition":"6"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_31_2","volume-title":"The Essential Concepts of Nursing","author":"Cutcliffe J","year":"2005","unstructured":"Cutcliffe J, McKenna H. The Essential Concepts of Nursing. Elsevier; 2005."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_32_2","first-page":"227","volume-title":"Encyclopedia of Behavioral Medicine","author":"Miles E","year":"2013","unstructured":"Miles E. Biopsychosocial model. In: Gellman MD, Turner JR, eds. Encyclopedia of Behavioral Medicine. Springer New York;2013:227-228."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pec.2016.10.019"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijnurstu.2019.103507"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2021.779328"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2017-016768"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/9634727"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.23817"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/35743"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/32557"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/geriatrics6020040"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/jmir.4067"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4018\/978-1-7998-7263-4.ch012"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2016.06.015"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2015-009524"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijmedinf.2016.10.005"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/tmj.2010.0136"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/pm\/pnz208"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12913-021-06278-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000002364"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/30880"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2665-9913(24)00086-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.techfore.2022.122066"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_54_2","volume-title":"Strategies for Theory Construction in Nursing","author":"Walker LO","year":"2011","unstructured":"Walker LO, Avant KC. Strategies for Theory Construction in Nursing. 5th ed. Prentice Hall; 2011.","edition":"5"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/jmir.3077"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_56_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/jmir.3620"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_57_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/13606"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_58_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/jmir.7126"}],"container-title":["Journal of Primary Care &amp; Community Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/21501319251415124","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/21501319251415124","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/21501319251415124","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T00:23:50Z","timestamp":1777508630000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/21501319251415124"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"references-count":57,"alternative-id":["10.1177\/21501319251415124"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/21501319251415124","relation":{},"ISSN":["2150-1319","2150-1327"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2150-1319","type":"print"},{"value":"2150-1327","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"article-number":"21501319251415124"}}