{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T23:59:17Z","timestamp":1789171157024,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,23]],"date-time":"2024-01-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1705968000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["World J Pediatr Congenit Heart Surg"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Treatment of congenital heart disease (CHD), being the most common congenital anomaly, puts immense financial burden in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) and contributes significantly to infant mortality. We report experiences of treatment of CHD in the Indian state of West Bengal by a public\u2013private partnership (PPP) model. Methods: Under the Rashtriya Bal Swasthya Karyakram, the government of the state of West Bengal in India launched a program called the \u201cSishu Sathi Scheme\u201d to provide free treatment to children who need heart surgeries, irrespective of economic status. Treatment was provided in selected private hospitals and some public hospitals in a reimbursement model where government compensated the hospitals. Data were collected on such procedures from 2013 to 2022 and analyzed. Results: A total of 27,844 patients with CHD received treatment under the Sishu Sathi Scheme from August 2013 to December 2022. The average number of patients per year was 3,093. Detailed data of procedures from January 2016 to December 2022 showed a total of 22,572 procedures (6,249 device interventions, 4,840 cardiac catheterizations, and 11,483 surgical interventions). The in-hospital mortality of surgical procedures and catheterization lab procedures were 5.2% and 0.9%, respectively. Conclusions: A large number of patients with CHD were successfully treated under a PPP in the state of West Bengal in India. In spite of its inherent challenges, this model is of special relevance in LMICs where access and affordability for treatment of CHD always remain a challenge.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/21501351231215257","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,24]],"date-time":"2024-01-24T00:53:07Z","timestamp":1706057587000},"page":"439-445","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Public\u2013Private Partnership for Treatment of Congenital Heart Diseases: Experiences From an Indian State"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8281-4400","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Debasis","family":"Das","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Cardiac Surgery, Narayana Superspeciality Hospital, Howrah, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nilanjan","family":"Dutta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Cardiac Surgery, Narayana Superspeciality Hospital, Howrah, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1996-2800","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shubhadeep","family":"Das","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Cardiac Intensive Care, Narayana Superspeciality Hospital, Howrah, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manish Kumar","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiac Anaesthesia, Narayana Superspeciality Hospital, Howrah, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0236-8357","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amitabha","family":"Chattopadhyay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Cardiology, Narayana Superspeciality Hospital, Howrah, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sanjiban","family":"Ghosh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Cardiology, Narayana Superspeciality Hospital, Howrah, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jayita Nandy","family":"Das","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Cardiology, Narayana Superspeciality Hospital, Howrah, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-21501351231215257","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13312-018-1445-7"},{"key":"bibr2-21501351231215257","volume-title":"Congenital Heart Defect in Europe: 2000-2005","author":"Dolk H","year":"2009"},{"key":"bibr3-21501351231215257","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.pcsu.2010.02.005"},{"key":"bibr4-21501351231215257","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5830\/CVJA-2013-028"},{"key":"bibr5-21501351231215257","unstructured":"Government of West Bengal. Facts & figures, Bengal Facts and Figures - Egiye Bangla; 2022. https:\/\/wb.gov.in\/about-west-bengal-facts-figures.aspx Accessed 12\/10\/2023."},{"key":"bibr6-21501351231215257","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5334\/gh.1034"},{"key":"bibr7-21501351231215257","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/21501351221151057"},{"key":"bibr8-21501351231215257","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2150135118818370"},{"key":"bibr9-21501351231215257","unstructured":"Ministry of Health & Family Welfare Government of India. Procedures and model costing for surgeries RASHTRIYA BAL SWASTHYA KARYAKRAM; 2014. www.nhm.gov.in. Accessed 12\/11\/2023."},{"key":"bibr10-21501351231215257","unstructured":"Kumar R, Singh A, Khurmi M. Operational guidelines Rashtriya Bal Swasthya Karyakram; 2013. https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/266021748 Accessed 12\/11\/2023."},{"key":"bibr11-21501351231215257","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.pcsu.2004.02.009"},{"key":"bibr12-21501351231215257","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mtc.2002.119064"},{"key":"bibr13-21501351231215257","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCINTERVENTIONS.110.959262"},{"key":"bibr14-21501351231215257","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.115.019307"},{"key":"bibr15-21501351231215257","unstructured":"Health and Family Welfare Department, Government of West Bengal. Plan of action 2011-15, Department of Health and Family Welfare - West Bengal; 2011. https:\/\/www.wbhealth.gov.in\/uploaded_files\/plans\/v_11_15.pdf"},{"key":"bibr16-21501351231215257","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2020.00357"},{"key":"bibr17-21501351231215257","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1047951118002172"},{"key":"bibr18-21501351231215257","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-15-1668-9_5"},{"key":"bibr19-21501351231215257","unstructured":"Rema Nagarajan \/ TNN. India improves infant mortality rate but gains slowing down.\n                      India News - Times of India\n                      ,\n                      The Times of India\n                      . Oct 26, 2021. https:\/\/timesofindia.indiatimes.com\/india\/india-improves-infant-mortality-rate-but-gains-slowing-down\/articleshow\/87266537.cms Accessed 12\/11\/2023."},{"key":"bibr20-21501351231215257","unstructured":"Government of India, M. of H. and F.W. National Family Health Survey (NFHS-5) 2019-20 fact sheets: Key indicators\u201422 states\/UTS from phase-I, People\u2019s Archive of Rural India; 2020. https:\/\/ruralindiaonline.org\/en\/library\/resource\/national-family-health-survey-nfhs-5-2019-20-fact-sheets-key-indicators\u201422-statesuts-from-phase-i Accessed 12\/11\/2023."},{"key":"bibr21-21501351231215257","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/apc.APC_167_17"},{"key":"bibr22-21501351231215257","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.54111\/0001\/HSIL\/sppp"},{"key":"bibr23-21501351231215257","unstructured":"Yengkhom. 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