{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T07:12:40Z","timestamp":1777878760067,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,25]],"date-time":"2025-03-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1742860800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["World J Pediatr Congenit Heart Surg"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Ventricular septal defects (VSDs) account for 50% of congenital heart defects in children. Surgical closure of moderate to large VSDs using patch material is considered the standard treatment in children to prevent future complications.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We evaluated the fate of VSD patch leak and its impact on aortic and tricuspid valve regurgitation at one year after surgery.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This retrospective study consisted of patients with a perimembranous VSD who underwent surgery between January 2016 and July 2021. Demographic, echocardiographic, clinical, and operative data were retrospectively reviewed. All patients\u2019 echocardiographic images were analyzed at discharge, 6, and 12 months after surgery. Echocardiography assessment focused on the degree of residual VSD (rVSD) patch leak and aortic and tricuspid regurgitation grade compared with preoperative echocardiography.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Seventy-one consecutive patients who underwent perimembranous VSD surgical closure were reviewed. No patient required reintervention. There was one early mortality during follow-up. Of the 70 patients with complete follow-up, 24 patients (34.33%) had a 1\u20132 mm rVSD patch leak and 4 patients (5.7%) had a 2\u20133 mm rVSD patch leak at the time of discharge. At 12-month follow-up echocardiography, 67 patients (95.7%) had no rVSD patch leak. Aortic and tricuspid valve regurgitation significantly improved from discharge to 12 months after surgery. The size of the patch leak did not affect patients\u2019 weight gain (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009\u2265\u2009.05).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We demonstrated that a 2 mm or less rVSD patch leak is benign, has no impact on tricuspid or aortic valve function, no impact on weight gain, and almost always decreases in severity or disappears.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/21501351251314387","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,25]],"date-time":"2025-03-25T20:34:31Z","timestamp":1742934871000},"page":"632-639","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Fate of Residual Patch Leak After Surgical Closure of Congenital Perimembranous Ventricular Septal Defects"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0471-5738","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hani N.","family":"Mufti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiac Sciences, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ysmeen T.","family":"Bucklain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Medicine, Fakeeh College of Medical Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Abdulaziz M.","family":"Shaheen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ahmed","family":"Qumsani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Arwa A.","family":"Alrrzqi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sereen M.","family":"Kazim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Medicine, Jeddah University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1749-4057","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luis","family":"Acosta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiac Sciences, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alfredo","family":"Gamboa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiac Sciences, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0250006"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.618124"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2011.08.025"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2012.11.032"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2006.09.086"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21470\/1678-9741-2018-0299"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00246-019-02218-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.14102.1"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","unstructured":"Mayo Clinic. 2022. https:\/\/www.mayoclinic.org\/diseases-conditions\/ventricular-septal-defect\/diagnosis-treatment\/drc-20353501. Accessed 2\/4\/2025"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","article-title":"Emergency sandwich patch repair via right ventricular incision for postinfarction ventricular septal defects: a case series","volume":"5","author":"Shimahara Y","year":"2021","unstructured":"Shimahara Y, Fukushima S, Yajima S, et al. Emergency sandwich patch repair via right ventricular incision for postinfarction ventricular septal defects: a case series. Eur Heart J Case Rep. 2021;5(5):ytab141. doi: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ehjcr\/ytab141","journal-title":"Eur Heart J Case Rep"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1586\/14779072.2016.1169923"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ejcts\/ezac022"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","first-page":"600","article-title":"Clinical utility of the ventricular septal defect diameter to aorta root diameter ratio to predict early childhood developmental defects or lung infections in patients with perimembranous ventricular septal defect","volume":"5","author":"Liu JX","year":"2013","unstructured":"Liu JX, Wang JH, Yang SR, et al. Clinical utility of the ventricular septal defect diameter to aorta root diameter ratio to predict early childhood developmental defects or lung infections in patients with perimembranous ventricular septal defect. J Thorac Dis. 2013;5(5):600-604.","journal-title":"J Thorac Dis"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/jiae.jiae_42_20"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1010-7940(03)00430-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.xjon.2022.12.015"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00246-019-02206-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.78.2.361"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00246-016-1508-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21037\/atm-20-5041"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","unstructured":"Dakkak W Oliver TI. 2023. Ventricular Septal Defect. StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing Copyright \u00a9 2023 StatPearls Publishing LLC. 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