{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,8]],"date-time":"2026-06-08T14:13:15Z","timestamp":1780927995837,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,12]],"date-time":"2025-12-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1765497600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["World J Pediatr Congenit Heart Surg"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Background<\/jats:bold>\n                    : After surgical repair of congenital heart disease with cardiopulmonary bypass, it is common for patients to present with a decrease in cardiac output with hemodynamic instability. Treatment goals should focus on achieving a balance between tissue oxygen availability and consumption. Central venous saturation (SvO2) provides valuable information about hemodynamics and global perfusion; however, it is not continuous and it is invasive. Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is a noninvasive technology that allows immediate and continuous monitoring of regional oxygen extraction and consumption in different organs. With multisite NIRS values (brain and kidney), global perfusion can be estimated through the Hoffman index. In this study we sought to determine the relationship between SvO2, Hoffman index, and cerebral NIRS (NIRSc) values in pediatric patients undergoing cardiovascular surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass.\n                    <jats:bold>Methods:<\/jats:bold>\n                    Prospective study in patients undergoing cardiovascular surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass who were admitted to the cardiovascular intensive care unit (CICU) at the Instituto Nacional de Pediatr\u00eda, in Mexico City, from March 2021 to February 2022. Central venous oxygen saturation, cerebral, and renal NIRS values were recorded upon admission to the CICU, at 6 and 12\u2005h.\n                    <jats:bold>Results:<\/jats:bold>\n                    A total of 41 patients were included with a median age of 19 months, 25\/41 (61%) of the patients were male. The correlation between cerebral NIRS (NIRSc) and SvO2 was higher at 12\u2005h (r\u2009=\u20090.55,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u2009.001), while a greater correlation was observed between Hoffman index and SvO2 at admission (r\u2009=\u20090.64,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u2009.001). When considering the 123 measurements, a better correlation was observed between Hoffman index and SvO2 (r\u2009=\u20090.72,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u2009.001), including patients with biventricular repair (r\u2009=\u20090.64,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u2009.001), univentricular physiology (r\u2009=\u20090.83,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u2009.001), and neonatal patients (r\u2009=\u20090.79,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u2009.001).\n                    <jats:bold>Conclusion:<\/jats:bold>\n                    The Hoffman index has a stronger correlation with SvO2 compared with NIRSc; both can be used as tools for hemodynamic monitoring of patients who underwent surgery for congenital heart disease.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/21501351251360687","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,12]],"date-time":"2025-12-12T15:28:43Z","timestamp":1765553323000},"page":"496-501","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Correlation Between Cerebral Near-Infrared Spectroscopy and Hoffman Index With Central Venous Saturation in Children who Underwent Surgery for Congenital Heart Disease"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-4072-3235","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Violeta Casta\u00f1uela","family":"S\u00e1nchez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Divisi\u00f3n de Cirug\u00eda Cardiovascular. Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Cardiovasculares. Instituto Nacional de Pediatr\u00eda. Mexico City, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6633-1051","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luis Antonio Garc\u00eda","family":"Benitez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Investigaci\u00f3n y Ense\u00f1anza Kardias AC. Facultad de Medicina. Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de M\u00e9xico. Mexico City, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-8461-6322","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9 Alfredo Hern\u00e1ndez","family":"Su\u00e1rez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Divisi\u00f3n de Cirug\u00eda Cardiovascular. Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Cardiovasculares. Instituto Nacional de Pediatr\u00eda. Mexico City, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alan Ortega","family":"Medina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Pedi\u00e1tricos. Cl\u00ednica INCOR. Santa Cruz, Bolivia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-8606-3377","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aranza S\u00e1nchez","family":"Cervantes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro Pedi\u00e1trico del Coraz\u00f3n ABC-Kardias, Centro M\u00e9dico ABC. Mexico City, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4805-3868","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexis Palacios-Macedo","family":"Quenot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Divisi\u00f3n de Cirug\u00eda Cardiovascular. Instituto Nacional de Pediatr\u00eda\/ Centro Pedi\u00e1trico del Coraz\u00f3n ABC-Kardias, Centro M\u00e9dico ABC. 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