{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]],"date-time":"2026-08-24T20:26:46Z","timestamp":1787603206379,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,8]],"date-time":"2016-07-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1467936000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Evid Based Complementary Altern Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>This study investigated the anticonvulsant activity of Citrullus colocynthis fruit extract used traditionally in the treatment of convulsion. Albino mice were pretreated with extract in different doses (10, 25, 50, and 100 mg\/kg), prior to injection of pentylenetetrazole. Animals received pretreatments with naloxone and flumazenil to further clarify the mechanisms of anticonvulsant action. The total flavonoid content of Citrullus colocynthis extract was also determined. Citrullus colocynthis hydroalcoholic extract with doses 25 and 50 mg\/kg prolonged the onset of seizures and decreased the duration compared with control group. Pretreatment by flumazenil could inhibit the effect of Citrullus colocynthis on latency of seizure to some extent and administration of naloxone significantly inhibited changes in latency and duration of seizure produced by Citrullus colocynthis. This study showed that Citrullus colocynthis has significant anticonvulsant effect in pentylenetetrazole-induced seizures in mice, and these effects may be related to its effect on \u03b3-aminobutyric acid-ergic and opioid systems. These results confirmed the traditional use of Citrullus colocynthis in Iranian traditional medicine.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/2156587215615455","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,3]],"date-time":"2015-12-03T21:10:19Z","timestamp":1449177019000},"page":"NP31-NP35","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Anticonvulsant Activity of Hydroalcoholic Extract of\n                    <i>Citrullus colocynthis<\/i>\n                    Fruit"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Saeed","family":"Mehrzadi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Razi Drug Research Center, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Asie","family":"Shojaii","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Institute for Islamic and Complementary Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sogol Attari","family":"Pur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Razi Drug Research Center, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manijeh","family":"Motevalian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Razi Drug Research Center, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-2156587215615455","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2004.11.015"},{"key":"bibr2-2156587215615455","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199603073341008"},{"key":"bibr3-2156587215615455","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/692751"},{"key":"bibr4-2156587215615455","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/acm.2011.0297"},{"key":"bibr5-2156587215615455","volume-title":"Makhzan al Advieh","author":"Khorasani MA","year":"2001"},{"key":"bibr6-2156587215615455","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2009.11.027"},{"key":"bibr7-2156587215615455","first-page":"261","volume":"8","author":"Marzouk Z","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Food Agric Environ"},{"key":"bibr8-2156587215615455","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2000-8586"},{"key":"bibr9-2156587215615455","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.2754"},{"key":"bibr10-2156587215615455","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3923\/pjbs.2010.1202.1207"},{"key":"bibr11-2156587215615455","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2478\/v10007-008-0008-1"},{"key":"bibr12-2156587215615455","first-page":"127","volume":"4","author":"Jayaraman R","year":"2009","journal-title":"Rom J Biol Plant Biol"},{"key":"bibr13-2156587215615455","first-page":"2321","volume":"4","author":"Najafi S","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Med Plant"},{"key":"bibr14-2156587215615455","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5897\/JMPR12.406"},{"key":"bibr15-2156587215615455","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13880200600686590"},{"key":"bibr16-2156587215615455","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.1990.tb03127.x"},{"key":"bibr17-2156587215615455","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1179\/1743132814Y.0000000460"},{"key":"bibr18-2156587215615455","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00310505"},{"key":"bibr19-2156587215615455","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1078\/0944-7113-00376"},{"key":"bibr20-2156587215615455","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2006.10.007"},{"key":"bibr21-2156587215615455","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0028-3908(94)90002-7"},{"key":"bibr22-2156587215615455","volume-title":"Chopra\u2019s Indigenous Drugs of India","author":"Chopra R","year":"1958"},{"key":"bibr23-2156587215615455","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2007.06.010"},{"key":"bibr24-2156587215615455","first-page":"839","volume":"42","author":"Qureshi R","year":"2010","journal-title":"Pak J Bot"},{"key":"bibr25-2156587215615455","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.26719\/2000.6.2-3.345"},{"key":"bibr26-2156587215615455","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0013-9580.2004.69903.x"},{"key":"bibr27-2156587215615455","first-page":"137","volume":"22","author":"Meena MC","year":"2008","journal-title":"Asian J Exp Sci"}],"container-title":["Journal of Evidence-Based Complementary &amp; Alternative Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/2156587215615455","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/2156587215615455","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/2156587215615455","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T15:08:52Z","timestamp":1777388932000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/2156587215615455"}},"subtitle":["Involvement of Benzodiazepine and Opioid Receptors"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,8]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/2156587215615455"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/2156587215615455","relation":{},"ISSN":["2156-5872","2156-5899"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2156-5872","type":"print"},{"value":"2156-5899","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,8]]}}}