{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,25]],"date-time":"2026-06-25T14:36:43Z","timestamp":1782398203767,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,20]],"date-time":"2016-07-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1468972800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Evid Based Complementary Altern Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>In this pilot study, a convenience sample of 24 chronic pain patients (17 with chronic fatigue syndrome\/fibromyalgia) were randomized into WHEE treatment and wait-list control groups for 6 weeks. Assessments of depression, anxiety, and pain were completed before, during, and at 1 and 3 months after treatment. Wait-listed patients then received an identical course of WHEE and assessments. WHEE decreased anxiety ( P &lt; .5) and depression ( P &lt; .05) compared with the control group. The wait-list-turned-WHEE assessments demonstrated decreased pain severity ( P &lt; .05) and depression ( P &lt; .04) but not pain interference or anxiety. WHEE appears a promising method for pain, anxiety, and depression in patients with chronic pain, compared to standard medical care alone. Though a small pilot study, the present results suggest that further research appears warranted. An incidental finding was that a majority of patients with chronic pain had suffered psychological trauma in childhood and\/or adulthood.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/2156587216659400","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,18]],"date-time":"2016-07-18T20:58:02Z","timestamp":1468875482000},"page":"268-277","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["A Randomized, Controlled Trial of Wholistic Hybrid Derived From Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing and Emotional Freedom Technique (WHEE) for Self-Treatment of Pain, Depression, and Anxiety in Chronic Pain Patients"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Daniel","family":"Benor","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Energy Medicine University, Mill Valley, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Rossiter-Thornton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Toronto, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Loren","family":"Toussaint","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Luther College, Decorah, IA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-2156587216659400","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2012.03.009"},{"key":"bibr2-2156587216659400","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2014.09.018"},{"key":"bibr3-2156587216659400","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2011.02.014"},{"key":"bibr4-2156587216659400","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(90)90046-G"},{"key":"bibr5-2156587216659400","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2010.02.037"},{"key":"bibr6-2156587216659400","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(82)90180-4"},{"key":"bibr7-2156587216659400","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(94)00263-E"},{"key":"bibr8-2156587216659400","unstructured":"National Institute of Mental Health. Mental health medications. http:\/\/www.nimh.nih.gov\/health\/topics\/mental-health-medications\/index.shtml. Accessed January 2016."},{"key":"bibr9-2156587216659400","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2296-8-26"},{"key":"bibr10-2156587216659400","unstructured":"EMDR Institute Inc. www.emdr.com. Accessed July 4, 2016."},{"key":"bibr11-2156587216659400","unstructured":"Craig G, Craig T. Official EFT tutorial. http:\/\/emofree.com\/eft-tutorial\/eft-tapping-tutorial.html. Accessed July 4, 2016."},{"key":"bibr12-2156587216659400","volume-title":"Seven Minutes to Natural Pain Release: Pain Is a Choice and Suffering Is Optional\u2014WHEE for Tapping Your Pain Away","author":"Benor DJ","year":"2009"},{"key":"bibr13-2156587216659400","volume-title":"WHEE for Wholistic Healing Workbook","author":"Benor D","year":"2008"},{"issue":"12","key":"bibr14-2156587216659400","first-page":"CD003388","author":"Bisson JI","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"bibr15-2156587216659400","unstructured":"EMDR International Association. EMDR related research. http:\/\/www.emdria.org\/?page=EMDRResearch. Accessed January 2016."},{"key":"bibr16-2156587216659400","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0021171"},{"issue":"4","key":"bibr17-2156587216659400","first-page":"30","volume":"7","author":"Brattberg G","year":"2008","journal-title":"Integr Med"},{"key":"bibr18-2156587216659400","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0028602"},{"issue":"5","key":"bibr19-2156587216659400","first-page":"40","volume":"9","author":"Church D","year":"2010","journal-title":"Integr Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"bibr20-2156587216659400","first-page":"104","volume":"2","author":"Rowe JE","year":"2005","journal-title":"Couns Clin Psychol"},{"key":"bibr21-2156587216659400","first-page":"7","volume":"2012","author":"Church D","year":"2012","journal-title":"Depress Res Treat"},{"key":"bibr22-2156587216659400","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.explore.2009.08.001"},{"key":"bibr23-2156587216659400","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.9769\/EPJ.2010.2.1.BS.JH"},{"key":"bibr24-2156587216659400","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.9769\/EPJ.2009.1.1.NS"},{"key":"bibr25-2156587216659400","first-page":"53","volume":"3","author":"Temple G","year":"2011","journal-title":"Energy Psychol Theory Res Treat"},{"issue":"1","key":"bibr26-2156587216659400","first-page":"75","volume":"15","author":"Swingle PG","year":"2004","journal-title":"Subtle Energies & Energy Medicine Journal Archives"},{"key":"bibr27-2156587216659400","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1534765609347549"},{"key":"bibr28-2156587216659400","first-page":"1","volume":"9","author":"Church D","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int J Healing Caring"},{"key":"bibr29-2156587216659400","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/NMD.0b013e31821cd262"},{"key":"bibr30-2156587216659400","unstructured":"Armstrong L. A Validation Study of WHEE as a Therapeutic Intervention for Alleviating Test Anxiety [Unpublished thesis]. Sausalito, CA: Energy Medicine University; 2010."},{"key":"bibr31-2156587216659400","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trsl.2008.12.002"},{"key":"bibr32-2156587216659400","first-page":"129","volume":"23","author":"Cleeland CS","year":"1994","journal-title":"Ann Acad Med Singapore"},{"key":"bibr33-2156587216659400","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(83)90143-4"},{"key":"bibr34-2156587216659400","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002508-200409000-00005"},{"key":"bibr35-2156587216659400","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2003.12.005"},{"key":"bibr36-2156587216659400","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1188\/03.ONF.325-330"},{"key":"bibr37-2156587216659400","volume-title":"Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders","author":"American Psychiatric Association","year":"1994","edition":"4"},{"key":"bibr38-2156587216659400","volume-title":"Manual for the Beck Depression Inventory\u2013II","author":"Beck AT","year":"1996"},{"key":"bibr39-2156587216659400","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0033-3182(71)71479-0"},{"key":"bibr40-2156587216659400","volume-title":"Intensive Longitudinal Methods: An Introduction to Diary and Experience Sampling Research","author":"Bolger N","year":"2013"},{"key":"bibr41-2156587216659400","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4324\/9780203701249"},{"key":"bibr42-2156587216659400","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/acprof:oso\/9780195152968.001.0001"},{"key":"bibr43-2156587216659400","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/014107689108400224"},{"key":"bibr44-2156587216659400","first-page":"217","volume":"60","author":"Zoppi M","year":"2008","journal-title":"Reumatismo"},{"key":"bibr45-2156587216659400","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2006.04.003"},{"key":"bibr46-2156587216659400","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0020938"},{"key":"bibr47-2156587216659400","unstructured":"National Pain Report. Childhood trauma and adult pain: is there a connection? http:\/\/nationalpainreport.com\/childhood-trauma-and-pain-is-there-a-connection-8824829.html. Accessed July 4, 2016."},{"key":"bibr48-2156587216659400","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1682\/JRRD.2003.09.0397"},{"key":"bibr49-2156587216659400","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0962-1849(05)80055-1"},{"key":"bibr50-2156587216659400","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jclp.10101"},{"key":"bibr51-2156587216659400","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/msc.1090"},{"issue":"4","key":"bibr52-2156587216659400","first-page":"16","volume":"7","author":"Ross CK","year":"1987","journal-title":"J Health Care Mark"},{"key":"bibr53-2156587216659400","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-9004.2010.00331.x"}],"container-title":["Journal of Evidence-Based Complementary &amp; Alternative Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/2156587216659400","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/2156587216659400","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/2156587216659400","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T15:09:16Z","timestamp":1777388956000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/2156587216659400"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,20]]},"references-count":53,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/2156587216659400"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/2156587216659400","relation":{},"ISSN":["2156-5872","2156-5899"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2156-5872","type":"print"},{"value":"2156-5899","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,20]]}}}