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This study examines the relationship between trauma exposure, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and history of arrest and incarceration among a representative sample of black Americans from the National Survey of American Life (N = 5,189). One-third had a history of arrest, and 18 percent had a history of incarceration. Frequency of trauma exposure was associated with involvement with the criminal justice system. Relative to never experiencing trauma, experiencing \u22654 traumas was associated with elevated odds of arrest (odds ratio [OR] = 4.03), being jailed (OR = 5.15), and being imprisoned (OR = 4.41), all p &lt; .01. PTSD was also associated with likelihood of incarceration among those with a history of trauma (OR = 2.18, p &lt; .01). Both trauma exposure and trauma-associated psychopathology are associated with increased likelihood of arrest and incarceration in adulthood among black Americans.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/2156869316641730","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,26]],"date-time":"2016-04-26T00:24:46Z","timestamp":1461630286000},"page":"187-206","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":79,"title":["The Relationship between Trauma, Arrest, and Incarceration History among Black Americans"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Lena J.","family":"J\u00e4ggi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Briana","family":"Mezuk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daphne C.","family":"Watkins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James S.","family":"Jackson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-2156869316641730","volume-title":"Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Text Revision","author":"American Psychiatric Association","year":"2000"},{"issue":"1","key":"bibr2-2156869316641730","first-page":"53","volume":"6","author":"Baron Stephen W.","year":"1997","journal-title":"Studies on Crime and Crime Prevention"},{"key":"bibr3-2156869316641730","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10940-011-9129-7"},{"key":"bibr4-2156869316641730","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Blattman Christopher, Jamison Julian, Sheridan Margaret. 2015. \u201cReducing Crime and Violence: Experimental Evidence on Adult Noncognitive Investments in Liberia.\u201d Retrieved March 22, 2016 (http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.2139\/ssrn.2594868).","DOI":"10.1596\/1813-9450-7648"},{"issue":"4","key":"bibr5-2156869316641730","first-page":"28","volume":"5","author":"Bonczar Thomas P.","year":"1997","journal-title":"Birth"},{"issue":"5","key":"bibr6-2156869316641730","first-page":"1117","volume":"156","author":"Bowers Josh","year":"2008","journal-title":"University of Pennsylvania Law Review"},{"key":"bibr7-2156869316641730","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0093854809336453"},{"key":"bibr8-2156869316641730","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.98.Supplement_1.S173"},{"issue":"1","key":"bibr9-2156869316641730","first-page":"34","volume":"5","author":"Breslau Naomi","year":"2001","journal-title":"The Journal of Gender-Specific Medicine"},{"key":"bibr10-2156869316641730","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1991.01810270028003"},{"key":"bibr11-2156869316641730","unstructured":"Bureau of Justice Statistics. 2015. \u201cWhat Is the Difference between Jails and Prisons?\u201d Retrieved May 18, 2015 (http:\/\/www.bjs.gov\/index.cfm?ty=qa&iid=322)."},{"key":"bibr12-2156869316641730","unstructured":"Celona Larry, Cohen Shawn, Golding Bruce. 2014. \u201cArrests Plummet 66% with NYPD in Virtual Work Stoppage.\u201d New York Post. 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