{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T00:03:46Z","timestamp":1784073826196,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4-5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Brain Connectivity"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Brain networks and meditation have recently gained attention, with studies suggesting that more efficiently organized meditation brain networks are linked to better cognitive performance. This efficiency is exemplified in small-world brain networks, which combine local segregation with global integration, facilitating optimal information processing. This study examines the small-world propensity (SWP), a marker of neural efficiency, among three functional brain networks: the default mode network (DMN), fronto-parietal network (FPN), and attention network (AN) in three groups: advanced meditators (AM), beginner meditators (BM), and control meditators (CM).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Using magnetoencephalography (MEG), we recorded 10-min meditation sessions from AM and BM groups practicing Surat-Shabda-Yoga meditation at different stages. The CM (baseline group), with no formal training in meditation, had introductory exposure to \u201cfour chakra meditation\u201d and practiced the same. SWP was computed using coherence-based connectivity measures across frequencies ranging from 4 to 45 Hz during stable meditative states.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Significant differences were observed between meditators and non-meditators, with AM and BM groups compared with the CM group. Specifically, the AN in the AM group compared with CM exhibited higher SWP at the beta frequency range (19 Hz), while the FPN in the BM group compared with the CM showed increased SWP at the theta frequency range (8 Hz).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These findings highlight how meditation engages the brain\u2019s intrinsic network architecture in a frequency- and stage-specific manner, supporting efficient information processing and offering a scientific basis for its cognitive and regulatory benefits.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/21580014261455602","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,12]],"date-time":"2026-06-12T04:58:58Z","timestamp":1781240338000},"page":"169-179","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Meditation Enhances Small-World Network Efficiency: MEG-Based Evidence from Attention and Control Systems"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-7017-6550","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Geeta Prem Chandoo","family":"Damisetti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics &amp; Computer Science, Dayalbagh Educational Institute, Agra, India."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C.M.","family":"Markan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics &amp; Computer Science, Dayalbagh Educational Institute, Agra, India."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sona","family":"Ahuja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pedagogical Sciences, Dayalbagh Educational Institute, Agra, India."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manjari","family":"Tripathi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/S44202-024-00269-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1073858416667720"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/FNSYS.2015.00175"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/J.2517-6161.1995.TB02031.X"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn2575"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.132.2.180"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/S10548-021-00874-W"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2010.09.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/J.TICS.2014.04.012"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn755"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/S41598-017-00678-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/PNAS.0601417103"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/S00429-022-02496-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/BRAINSCI11050566"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/J.TICS.2008.01.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/PNAS.0704320104"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/J.NEUROSCIENCE.2010.11.039"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/J.CONB.2010.02.015"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/BRAIN.2011.0008"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/NYAS.12348"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/FPSYG.2024.1393969"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/J.NEUROIMAGE.2012.10.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/S10548-023-00950-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/J.TICS.2019.12.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_1","volume-title":"Nonparametric Statistical Methods","author":"Hollander M","year":"2014","unstructured":"Hollander M, , Wolfe DA, , Chicken E. (2014) Nonparametric Statistical Methods. 3rd ed. Wiley-Blackwell.","edition":"3"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/FNAGI.2016.00100"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2019.00613"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3934\/NEUROSCIENCE.2022013"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/J.NEUBIOREV.2017.03.018"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/PNAS.0407401101"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/J.BRAINRESBULL.2010.03.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/HBM.25734"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/NYAS.13044"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/SREP22057"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/PSYP.13735"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/J.NEURON.2011.09.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/J.CONCOG.2023.103590"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/S12888-021-03211-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/FNINS.2018.00235"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_41_1","volume-title":"Discourse on Radhasoami Faith (with supplement).","author":"Sahab M","year":"2004","unstructured":"Sahab M. (2004) Discourse on Radhasoami Faith (with supplement). Dayalbagh Agra: Radhasoami Satsang Sabha."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_42_1","unstructured":"Satsangi P et al. Consciousness: Integrating eastern and western perspectives. 2016. Available from: https:\/\/books.google.com\/books?hl=en&lr=&id=mXnrDwAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PP1&dq=consciousness:+integrating+eastern+and+western+perspectives&ots=M_ydDsHPO3&sig=luqWU_sk-Gin3EEnFDZpGuQaVMw [Last accessed: 27November 2024]."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10400419.2005.9651475"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/ENEURO.0170-17.2017"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2022.08.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/NRN3916"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3539-11.2011"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/S11357-020-00176-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0972-2327.128678"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/JN.90355.2008"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/JOURNAL.PONE.0068910"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/S41598-020-64324-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/S41598-021-90729-Y"}],"container-title":["Brain Connectivity"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/21580014261455602","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/21580014261455602","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/21580014261455602","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]],"date-time":"2026-07-14T23:16:46Z","timestamp":1784071006000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/21580014261455602"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]]},"references-count":52,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4-5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/21580014261455602"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/21580014261455602","relation":{},"ISSN":["2158-0014","2158-0022"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2158-0014","type":"print"},{"value":"2158-0022","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]]}}}