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Recently, alternative classification models such as the Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP) proposed to assess traits to predict clinically relevant outcomes. In the current study, we directly compared personality traits and past diagnoses as predictors of future mental health and functioning in three independent, prospective samples. Regression analyses found that personality traits significantly predicted future first onsets of psychiatric disorders (change in [\u2206] R\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    = .06\u2013.15), symptom chronicity (\u2206 R\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    = .03\u2013.06), and functioning (\u2206 R\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    = .02\u2013.07), beyond past and current psychiatric diagnoses. Conversely, past psychiatric diagnoses did not provide an incremental prediction of outcomes when personality traits and other concurrent predictors were already included in the model. Overall, personality traits predicted a variety of outcomes in diverse settings beyond diagnoses. Past diagnoses were generally not informative about future outcomes when personality was considered. Together, these findings support the added value of personality traits assessment in case formulation, consistent with the HiTOP model.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/21677026211056596","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,21]],"date-time":"2021-12-21T16:21:36Z","timestamp":1640103696000},"page":"734-751","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["The Prognostic Utility of Personality Traits Versus Past Psychiatric Diagnoses: Predicting Future Mental Health and Functioning"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1775-1970","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Monika A.","family":"Waszczuk","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Stony Brook University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6645-8645","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christopher J.","family":"Hopwood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, University of California, Davis"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benjamin J.","family":"Luft","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7711-5568","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leslie C.","family":"Morey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, Texas A&M University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Greg","family":"Perlman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Stony Brook University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Camilo J.","family":"Ruggero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, University of North Texas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew E.","family":"Skodol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, University of Arizona"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roman","family":"Kotov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Stony Brook University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-21677026211056596","volume-title":"Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders","author":"American Psychiatric Association","year":"1994","edition":"4"},{"key":"bibr2-21677026211056596","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425596"},{"key":"bibr3-21677026211056596","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291799008648"},{"key":"bibr4-21677026211056596","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.pra.0000460618.02805.ef"},{"key":"bibr5-21677026211056596","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-7967(96)00033-2"},{"key":"bibr6-21677026211056596","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-publhealth-031210-101218"},{"key":"bibr7-21677026211056596","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1986.01800050033004"},{"key":"bibr8-21677026211056596","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291715002184"},{"key":"bibr9-21677026211056596","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2019.04.002"},{"key":"bibr10-21677026211056596","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1005109522457"},{"key":"bibr11-21677026211056596","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/da.22404"},{"key":"bibr12-21677026211056596","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1745691618810696"},{"key":"bibr13-21677026211056596","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2010.12.014"},{"key":"bibr14-21677026211056596","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2015.0730"},{"key":"bibr15-21677026211056596","volume-title":"Professional manual: Revised NEO personality inventory (NEO-PI-R) and NEO five-factor inventory (NEO-FFI)","author":"Costa P. 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