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We also used twin modeling to examine whether partner characteristics moderate genetic influences on drinking behavior. Having a romantic partner with more frequent alcohol use and smoking was consistently associated with greater alcohol consumption and binge drinking, and partner alcohol use and smoking also moderated genetic influences on alcohol consumption. Furthermore, a range of partner characteristics moderated genetic influences on binge drinking such that the heritability of binge drinking was higher when partners reported less frequent alcohol use, greater smoking, lower conscientiousness, and higher extraversion, neuroticism, and psychological distress. These findings highlight the important but complex ways in which romantic partners contribute to drinking behavior.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/21677026251332931","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,5]],"date-time":"2025-05-05T10:00:49Z","timestamp":1746439249000},"page":"1006-1028","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Associations of Romantic Partners\u2019 Characteristics With Alcohol Consumption and Binge Drinking: Examining Evidence for Gene\u2013Environment Interaction"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1498-4333","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mallory","family":"Stephenson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Megan E.","family":"Cooke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Barr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hermine H. 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