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The problem is salient for attention-deficit\/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), which encompasses a partially coherent neurodevelopmental syndrome that is nonetheless heterogeneous with respect to mechanism and outcomes. Here, we suggest that temperament profiles, related to trait-based variation in emotional response and regulation, provide a viable way to link the complexity of within-group trait variation to differences in clinical outcomes. Across two large, independent samples of adolescents with ADHD (Oregon ADHD\u20131000, Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study), we identified largely reproducible temperament profiles: a high-approach-motivation profile (\u201csurgent\u201d) and a high-negative-emotion profile (\u201cirritable\u201d). In both samples, the irritable profile prospectively predicted worsening clinical outcomes over multiple years of longitudinal follow-up. Temperament-profiling approaches can contribute to improved risk\/resilience prediction among individuals with ADHD and help bridge dimensional models of psychopathology with developmental process and clinical decision-making.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/21677026251406641","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T07:15:16Z","timestamp":1787642116000},"page":"599-619","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Reproducible Temperament Profiles in Adolescents With Attention-Deficit\/Hyperactivity Disorder Prospectively Predict Clinical Outcomes"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Michael B.","family":"Kozlowski","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Mental Health Innovation, Oregon Health &amp; Science University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jaden A.","family":"Sangoi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, Barnard College, Columbia University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5487-5182","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hannah E.","family":"Morton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Mental Health Innovation, Oregon Health &amp; Science University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth K.","family":"Nousen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Mental Health Innovation, Oregon Health &amp; Science University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jessica M.","family":"Tipsord","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Mental Health Innovation, Oregon Health &amp; Science University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"McKenzie T.","family":"Figuracion","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychological Sciences, Purdue University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Pieper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, Syracuse University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erica D.","family":"Musser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, Barnard College, Columbia University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0003-3024","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joel T.","family":"Nigg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Mental Health Innovation, Oregon Health &amp; Science University"},{"name":"Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health &amp; Science University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3082-7458","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sarah L.","family":"Karalunas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychological Sciences, Purdue University"},{"name":"Department of Psychology, Syracuse University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Achenbach T. 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