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We investigated whether internalizing syndromes have incremental validity beyond each other in their associations with 22 external criteria (e.g., health, functioning) using the National Epidemiological Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions data, a representative adult sample (Wave 1:\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">N<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200943,093). We extracted a five-factor model for five lower-order internalizing syndromes (generalized anxiety, major depression, social anxiety, specific phobia, panic). All were moderately correlated with each other and associated with external criteria. Adjusting for other internalizing syndromes, generalized anxiety, major depression, and panic syndromes demonstrated incremental validity, or unique associations with external criteria. Our findings suggest internalizing syndromes exhibit shared and unique features. Investigating both the internalizing spectrum and its more specific syndromes can offer deeper insights into psychopathology.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/21677026261443518","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,15]],"date-time":"2026-06-15T10:53:26Z","timestamp":1781520806000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Do Internalizing Syndromes Have Incremental Validity for External Criteria Above and Beyond Each Other?"],"prefix":"10.1177","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4966-8362","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kerry L.","family":"Kinney","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Osher Center for Integrative Health, Department of Physical Medicine &amp; Rehabilitation, Vanderbilt University Medical Center"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1670-4080","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matthew C.","family":"Morris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katja","family":"Beesdo-Baum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Behavioral Epidemiology, Dresden University of Technology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8210-4748","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ashley L.","family":"Watts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychological Sciences, Vanderbilt University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Achenbach T. 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