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In the present study, we use machine-learning methods to develop a treatment-matching algorithm for a digital SSI, the Common Elements Toolbox (COMET), versus a waitlist control. Eight hundred twenty-eight adults with a current or past mental-health problem were randomly assigned to COMET or a waitlist control. Elastic-net-regularization models with 10-fold cross-validation were used to develop a Personalized Advantage Index (PAI) indicating the relative benefit of receiving COMET over the waitlist in 2-week posttreatment depressive symptoms. In the 20% held-out test data, PAI did not interact with treatment to predict depression severity after treatment (\u03b2 = 0.880,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">SE<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 1.21,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">t<\/jats:italic>\n                    = \u22120.72,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    = .47), indicating that our treatment-matching algorithm was not able to provide statistically significant recommendations. Even in a large sample, personalized treatment recommendations for digital SSIs are difficult to develop.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/21677026261473154","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T11:10:54Z","timestamp":1790075454000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Leveraging Machine Learning to Personalize Depression Treatment: A Preregistered Study of 828 Adults Randomly Assigned to a Digital Single-Session Intervention or Waitlist"],"prefix":"10.1177","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6168-6398","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"EJ","family":"Jardas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University-Bloomington"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacqueline","family":"Howard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Impact Institute, Northwestern University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8882-0243","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lorenzo","family":"Lorenzo-Luaces","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University-Bloomington"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ahuvia I. 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