{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,6]],"date-time":"2026-09-06T18:21:54Z","timestamp":1788718914029,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,20]],"date-time":"2017-04-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1492646400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Global Spine Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study Design:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Retrospective database review.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Posterior\/posterolateral lumbar fusion (PLF) is an effective treatment for a variety of spinal disorders; however, variations in surgical technique have different complication profiles. The aim of our study was to quantify the frequency of various complications in patients undergoing PLF with and without human recombinant bone morphogenetic protein 2 (rhBMP2).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We queried the orthopedic subset of the Medicare database (PearlDiver) between 2005 and 2011 for patients undergoing PLF procedures with and without rhBMP2. Complication and reoperation rates were analyzed within 1 year of the index procedure. Complications assessed include: acute renal failure, deep vein thrombosis, dural tear, hematoma, heterotopic ossification, incision and drainage, cardiac complications, nervous system complications, osteolysis, pneumonia, pseudarthrosis, pulmonary embolism, radiculopathy, respiratory complications, sepsis, urinary retention, urinary tract infection, mechanical, and wound complications. Chi-square analysis was used to calculate the complication differences between the groups.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our data revealed higher overall complication rates in patients undergoing PLF with rhBMP2 versus no_rhBMP2 (76.9% vs 68.8%, P &lt; .05). Stratified by gender, rhBMP2 males had higher rates of mechanical complications, pseudarthrosis, and reoperations compared with no_rhBMP2 males ( P &lt; .05), whereas rhBMP2 females had higher rates of pseudarthrosis, urinary tract infection, and urinary retention compared with no_rhBMP2 females ( P &lt; .05).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our data revealed higher overall complication rates in PLF patients given rhBMP2 compared with no_rhBMP2. Furthermore, our data suggests that rhBMP2-associated complications may be gender specific.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/2192568217698141","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,20]],"date-time":"2017-04-20T13:20:02Z","timestamp":1492694402000},"page":"142-148","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Postoperative Complications Associated With rhBMP2 Use in Posterior\/Posterolateral Lumbar Fusion"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Nabil","family":"Esmail","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zorica","family":"Buser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeremiah R.","family":"Cohen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California\u2013Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Darrel S.","family":"Brodke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hans-Joerg","family":"Meisel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bergmannstrost Hospital, Halle, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jong-Beom","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Uijongbu St. Mary\u2019s Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea School of Medicine, Uijongbu, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jim A.","family":"Youssef","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Spine Colorado Durango, Durango, CO, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey C.","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S. Tim","family":"Yoon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emory Spine Center, Atlanta, GA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-2192568217698141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.brs.0000248132.15231.fe"},{"key":"bibr2-2192568217698141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199505000-00012"},{"key":"bibr3-2192568217698141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199710010-00005"},{"key":"bibr4-2192568217698141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.71B4.2768321"},{"key":"bibr5-2192568217698141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-015-0154-z"},{"key":"bibr6-2192568217698141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4184\/asj.2016.10.3.457"},{"key":"bibr7-2192568217698141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.brs.0000240715.78657.81"},{"key":"bibr8-2192568217698141","unstructured":"InFUSE\u2122 Bone Graft\/LT-CAGE\u2122 Lumbar Tapered Fusion Device\u2013P000058. FDA.gov. 2016. http:\/\/www.fda.gov\/MedicalDevices\/ProductsandMedicalProcedures\/DeviceApprovalsandClearances\/Recently-ApprovedDevices\/ucm083423.htm. Accessed April 8, 2016."},{"key":"bibr9-2192568217698141","unstructured":"FDA Public Health Notification: Life-threatening complications associated with recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein in cervical spine fusion. FDA.gov. 2016. http:\/\/www.fda.gov\/MedicalDevices\/Safety\/AlertsandNotices\/PublicHealthNotifications\/ucm062000.htm. Accessed April 8, 2016."},{"key":"bibr10-2192568217698141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-158-12-201306180-00006"},{"key":"bibr11-2192568217698141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12178-014-9221-3"},{"key":"bibr12-2192568217698141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-015-4083-y"},{"key":"bibr13-2192568217698141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12178-014-9223-1"},{"key":"bibr14-2192568217698141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-200204150-00008"},{"key":"bibr15-2192568217698141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.185699"},{"key":"bibr16-2192568217698141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aeg253"},{"key":"bibr17-2192568217698141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BCO.0b013e328112f35d"},{"key":"bibr18-2192568217698141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e31827eca09"},{"key":"bibr19-2192568217698141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/ten.teb.2015.0357"},{"key":"bibr20-2192568217698141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2012.04.005"},{"key":"bibr21-2192568217698141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000000971"},{"key":"bibr22-2192568217698141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2013.07.028"},{"key":"bibr23-2192568217698141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2013.06.022"},{"key":"bibr24-2192568217698141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2006.06.133"},{"key":"bibr25-2192568217698141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5435\/00124635-200908000-00003"},{"key":"bibr26-2192568217698141","unstructured":"Summary of safety and probable benefit. 2008. http:\/\/www.accessdata.fda.gov\/cdrh_docs\/pdf4\/H040004b.pdf. 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