{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,9]],"date-time":"2026-06-09T13:55:59Z","timestamp":1781013359767,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,18]],"date-time":"2017-12-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1513555200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Global Spine Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study Design:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Retrospective case-control study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To identify incidence and risk factors for percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) tube placement after anterior cervical fusion (ACF).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Adult patients undergoing elective ACF with\/without corpectomy for spondylosis from 2002 to 2011 were identified using the Nationwide Inpatient Sample database. The primary outcome measure was PEG tube placement; secondary outcomes included in-hospital mortality, total hospital charges, and discharge disposition. Multiple regression analyses were conducted to identify independent predictors of PEG tube placement.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Of 164\u2009097 patients, 217 (0.13%) required a PEG tube. Patients needing PEG tube placement were older (69 vs 52 years; P &lt; .001) and more likely to be male (65% vs 46.6%; P &lt; .001) when compared with control patients. After regression analysis, age over 65 year (odds ratio [OR] = 4.16; P &lt; .001) was the strongest independent predictor for PEG tube placement; other associated factors included male gender (OR = 2.14; P &lt; .001), congestive heart failure (OR = 4.11; P &lt; .001), anemia (OR = 3.52; P &lt; .001), alcohol abuse (OR = 2.80; P = .009), renal failure (OR = 2.25; P = .003), chronic lung disease (OR = 1.78; P &lt; .001), corpectomy (OR = 2.16; P &lt; .001), and fusion of \u22653 segments (OR = 1.74; P &lt; .001). Mortality rate for patients requiring PEG tube placement was 5.1% versus 0.05% for controls ( P &lt; .001); average hospital charges were $134\u2009379 versus $39\u2009519 ( P &lt; .001), and nonroutine discharges were seen in 89.3% versus only 6.4% for controls ( P &lt; .001).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The incidence of PEG tube placement after ACF was 0.13% in this study. Identified risk factors included age &gt;65, corpectomy, fusion of \u22653 segments, and various comorbidities. Additionally, there may be increased risk of in-hospital mortality, hospital charges, and nonroutine discharges among these patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/2192568217713010","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,18]],"date-time":"2017-12-18T22:57:37Z","timestamp":1513637857000},"page":"260-265","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Predictive Factors for Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy Tube Placement After Anterior Cervical Fusion"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Rafael","family":"De la Garza-Ramos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6540-2751","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"C. 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M.","family":"Sciubba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-2192568217713010","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0033-1354253"},{"key":"bibr2-2192568217713010","author":"Wu B","journal-title":"Clin Spine 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