{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T14:35:04Z","timestamp":1792420504360,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,25]],"date-time":"2019-07-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1564012800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Global Spine Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study Design:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Retrospective cohort study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Screw loosening in spinal fusion is poorly defined. Accordingly, its prevalence rates range from 1% to 60%, and its risk factors remain undefined. The goal of this study was to assess the prevalence of screw loosening, according to precise definitions, and to identify factors associated with it.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We retrospectively reviewed records for 166 patients who underwent a posterior spinal fusion in our institution between 2011 and 2016. We recorded demographic data, osteoporosis, pelvic balance, surgery-related information, and postoperative radiographic data at a minimum follow-up of 6 months. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression models were used. Significance was defined by P &lt; .05.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>When loosening was defined by partial pull-out, its prevalence was 9.6% (95% CI 5.6-15); thoracic localization, the use of CrCo (chromium-cobalt) rods, osteoporosis, PI\/LL (pelvic incidence\/lumbar lordosis) mismatch (preoperative), and frontal imbalance (preoperative) were significant risk factors. When loosening was defined by osteolysis (radiolucent rim) &gt;1 mm around at least 1 screw, its prevalence was 40.4% (95% CI 33-48) and age, scoliosis as indication for fusion, ASA (American Society of Anesthesiologists) 2 or 3, the use of CrCo rods, more than 5 levels fused, no circumferential arthrodesis, postoperative bracing, and sacrum or ilium as the inferior level of instrumentation were also significant risk factors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A clear definition of screw loosening seems essential for a useful analysis of the literature. Osteoporosis, sagittal imbalance, and rigid material appear to be risk factors, regardless of the definition.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/2192568219864341","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,26]],"date-time":"2019-07-26T04:50:09Z","timestamp":1564116609000},"page":"598-602","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":112,"title":["Screw Loosening in Posterior Spine Fusion: Prevalence and Risk Factors"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5142-2658","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laura","family":"Marie-Hardy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Piti\u00e9-Salp\u00e9tri\u00e8re Teaching Hospital, Paris, France."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hugues","family":"Pascal-Moussellard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Piti\u00e9-Salp\u00e9tri\u00e8re Teaching Hospital, Paris, France."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne","family":"Barnaba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Piti\u00e9-Salp\u00e9tri\u00e8re Teaching Hospital, Paris, France."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raphael","family":"Bonaccorsi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Piti\u00e9-Salp\u00e9tri\u00e8re Teaching Hospital, Paris, France."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Caroline","family":"Scemama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Piti\u00e9-Salp\u00e9tri\u00e8re Teaching Hospital, Paris, France."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-2192568219864341","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1227\/NEU.0000000000000852"},{"key":"bibr2-2192568219864341","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1227\/01.NEU.0000347005.35282.6C"},{"key":"bibr3-2192568219864341","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e3181ac5fcd"},{"key":"bibr4-2192568219864341","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e3181b0f2f8"},{"key":"bibr5-2192568219864341","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e3181a8fdc8"},{"key":"bibr6-2192568219864341","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4184\/asj.2014.8.3.371"},{"key":"bibr7-2192568219864341","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-012-2479-5"},{"key":"bibr8-2192568219864341","unstructured":"Social Security Administration. The 2001 annual report on the Board of Trustees of the Federal Old-Age and Survivors Insurance and Disability Insurance Trust Funds. https:\/\/www.ssa.gov\/OACT\/TR\/TR01\/tr01.pdf. Published March 19, 2001. Accessed July 9, 2019."},{"key":"bibr9-2192568219864341","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1227\/NEU.0000000000000953"},{"key":"bibr10-2192568219864341","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199106000-00009"},{"key":"bibr11-2192568219864341","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1748-7161-9-13"},{"key":"bibr12-2192568219864341","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199311000-00015"},{"issue":"8","key":"bibr13-2192568219864341","first-page":"S422","volume":"16","author":"McAfee PC","year":"1991","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"bibr14-2192568219864341","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.86B3.14323"},{"key":"bibr15-2192568219864341","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-015-3768-6"},{"key":"bibr16-2192568219864341","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.bsd.0000210116.94273.ad"},{"key":"bibr17-2192568219864341","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-197052030-00005"},{"key":"bibr18-2192568219864341","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s005860050038"},{"key":"bibr19-2192568219864341","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TAC.1974.1100705"},{"key":"bibr20-2192568219864341","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00402-016-2487-8"},{"key":"bibr21-2192568219864341","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-014-3168-3"},{"key":"bibr22-2192568219864341","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/2015.3.SPINE14772"},{"key":"bibr23-2192568219864341","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e318067dc0e"},{"key":"bibr24-2192568219864341","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1748-7161-10-S2-S17"},{"key":"bibr25-2192568219864341","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jspd.2016.03.001"},{"key":"bibr26-2192568219864341","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e3181bdad89"},{"key":"bibr27-2192568219864341","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-013-3080-2"},{"key":"bibr28-2192568219864341","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jss.2014.05.034"},{"key":"bibr29-2192568219864341","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/610675"}],"container-title":["Global Spine Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/2192568219864341","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/2192568219864341","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/2192568219864341","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T07:18:28Z","timestamp":1777447108000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/2192568219864341"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,25]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/2192568219864341"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/2192568219864341","relation":{},"ISSN":["2192-5682","2192-5690"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2192-5682","type":"print"},{"value":"2192-5690","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,25]]}}}