{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T18:15:59Z","timestamp":1777659359889,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,3]],"date-time":"2020-04-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1585872000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Global Spine Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study Design:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Secondary analysis of data from the multicenter, randomized, parallel-controlled Food and Drug Administration (FDA) investigational device exemption study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Studies on outcomes following anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) in individuals with diabetes are scarce. We compared 24-month radiological and clinical outcomes in individuals with and without diabetes undergoing single-level ACDF with either i-FACTOR or local autologous bone.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Between 2006 and 2013, 319 individuals with single-level degenerative disc disease (DDD) and no previous fusion at the index level underwent ACDF. The presence of diabetes determined the 2 cohorts. Data collected included radiological fusion evaluation, neurological outcomes, Neck Disability Index (NDI), Visual Analog Scale (VAS) scores, and the 36-Item Short Form Survey Version 2 (SF-36v2) Physical and Mental component summary scores.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      There were 35 individuals with diabetes (11.1%; average body mass index [BMI] = 32.99 kg\/m\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      ; SD = 5.72) and 284 without (average BMI = 28.32 kg\/m\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      ; SD = 5.67). The number of nondiabetic smokers was significantly higher than diabetic smokers: 73 (25.70%) and 3 (8.57%), respectively. Preoperative scores of NDI, VAS arm pain, and SF-36v2 were similar between the diabetic and nondiabetic participants at baseline; however, VAS neck pain differed significantly between the cohorts at baseline ( P = .0089). Maximum improvement for NDI, VAS neck and arm pain, and SF-36v2 PCS and MCS scores was seen at 6 months in both cohorts and remained stable until 24 months.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>ACDF is effective for cervical radiculopathy in patients with diabetes. Diabetes is not a contraindication for patients requiring single-level surgery for cervical DDD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/2192568220914880","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,3]],"date-time":"2020-04-03T06:07:24Z","timestamp":1585894044000},"page":"458-464","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Two-Year Clinical and Radiological Outcomes in Patients With Diabetes Undergoing Single-Level Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4622-7695","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paul M.","family":"Arnold","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Carle Spine Institute, IL, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8073-0796","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexander R.","family":"Vaccaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Thomas Jefferson University Hospital and Rothman Institute, PA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rick C.","family":"Sasso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Indiana University School of Medicine, Indiana Spine Group, IN, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Benoit","family":"Goulet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Montreal Neurological Institute, Qu\u00e9bec, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5722-6364","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael G.","family":"Fehlings","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert F.","family":"Heary","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, NJ, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael E.","family":"Janssen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Spine Education and Research Institute, CO, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Branko","family":"Kopjar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Washington, WA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-2192568220914880","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5435\/JAAOS-22-03-183"},{"key":"bibr2-2192568220914880","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-017-4223-9"},{"key":"bibr3-2192568220914880","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12178-011-9099-2"},{"key":"bibr4-2192568220914880","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e31829b1487"},{"key":"bibr5-2192568220914880","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e318273583a"},{"key":"bibr6-2192568220914880","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000001947"},{"key":"bibr7-2192568220914880","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000453547"},{"key":"bibr8-2192568220914880","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14444\/4010"},{"key":"bibr9-2192568220914880","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000000498"},{"key":"bibr10-2192568220914880","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2013.06.016"},{"key":"bibr11-2192568220914880","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-199309000-00005"},{"key":"bibr12-2192568220914880","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199711150-00008"},{"key":"bibr13-2192568220914880","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-016-4858-9"},{"key":"bibr14-2192568220914880","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/2009.2.SPINE08723"},{"key":"bibr15-2192568220914880","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000001466"},{"key":"bibr16-2192568220914880","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/neuros\/nyx432"},{"key":"bibr17-2192568220914880","first-page":"211","volume":"55","author":"Howell 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